diff --git a/src/Makefile.test.include b/src/Makefile.test.include
--- a/src/Makefile.test.include
+++ b/src/Makefile.test.include
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@
   test/torcontrol_tests.cpp \
   test/transaction_tests.cpp \
   test/txindex_tests.cpp \
+  test/txvalidation_tests.cpp \
   test/txvalidationcache_tests.cpp \
   test/uint256_tests.cpp \
   test/undo_tests.cpp \
diff --git a/src/test/CMakeLists.txt b/src/test/CMakeLists.txt
--- a/src/test/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/test/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -134,6 +134,7 @@
 	torcontrol_tests.cpp
 	transaction_tests.cpp
 	txindex_tests.cpp
+	txvalidation_tests.cpp
 	txvalidationcache_tests.cpp
 	uint256_tests.cpp
 	undo_tests.cpp
diff --git a/src/test/txvalidation_tests.cpp b/src/test/txvalidation_tests.cpp
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/txvalidation_tests.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2017 The Bitcoin Core developers
+// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
+// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+
+#include <amount.h>
+#include <config.h>
+#include <consensus/validation.h>
+#include <primitives/transaction.h>
+#include <script/script.h>
+#include <test/test_bitcoin.h>
+#include <txmempool.h>
+#include <validation.h>
+
+#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE(txvalidation_tests)
+
+/**
+ * Ensure that the mempool won't accept coinbase transactions.
+ */
+BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_CASE(tx_mempool_reject_coinbase, TestChain100Setup) {
+    CScript scriptPubKey = CScript() << ToByteVector(coinbaseKey.GetPubKey())
+                                     << OP_CHECKSIG;
+    CMutableTransaction coinbaseTx;
+
+    coinbaseTx.nVersion = 1;
+    coinbaseTx.vin.resize(1);
+    coinbaseTx.vout.resize(1);
+    coinbaseTx.vin[0].scriptSig = CScript() << OP_11 << OP_EQUAL;
+    coinbaseTx.vout[0].nValue = 1 * CENT;
+    coinbaseTx.vout[0].scriptPubKey = scriptPubKey;
+
+    assert(CTransaction(coinbaseTx).IsCoinBase());
+
+    CValidationState state;
+
+    LOCK(cs_main);
+
+    unsigned int initialPoolSize = g_mempool.size();
+
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(
+        false,
+        AcceptToMemoryPool(
+            GetConfig(), g_mempool, state, MakeTransactionRef(coinbaseTx),
+            false /* pfMissingInputs */, nullptr /* plTxnReplaced */,
+            true /* bypass_limits */, Amount::zero() /* nAbsurdFee */));
+
+    // Check that the transaction hasn't been added to mempool.
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(g_mempool.size(), initialPoolSize);
+
+    // Check that the validation state reflects the unsuccesful attempt.
+    BOOST_CHECK(state.IsInvalid());
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(state.GetRejectReason(), "bad-tx-coinbase");
+
+    int nDoS;
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(state.IsInvalid(nDoS), true);
+    BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(nDoS, 100);
+}
+
+BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END()