diff --git a/src/interfaces/chain.h b/src/interfaces/chain.h
--- a/src/interfaces/chain.h
+++ b/src/interfaces/chain.h
@@ -15,6 +15,25 @@
 class Chain {
 public:
     virtual ~Chain() {}
+
+    //! Interface for querying locked chain state, used by legacy code that
+    //! assumes state won't change between calls. New code should avoid using
+    //! the Lock interface and instead call higher-level Chain methods
+    //! that return more information so the chain doesn't need to stay locked
+    //! between calls.
+    class Lock {
+    public:
+        virtual ~Lock() {}
+    };
+
+    //! Return Lock interface. Chain is locked when this is called, and
+    //! unlocked when the returned interface is freed.
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Lock> lock(bool try_lock = false) = 0;
+
+    //! Return Lock interface assuming chain is already locked. This
+    //! method is temporary and is only used in a few places to avoid changing
+    //! behavior while code is transitioned to use the Chain::Lock interface.
+    virtual std::unique_ptr<Lock> assumeLocked() = 0;
 };
 
 //! Interface to let node manage chain clients (wallets, or maybe tools for
diff --git a/src/interfaces/chain.cpp b/src/interfaces/chain.cpp
--- a/src/interfaces/chain.cpp
+++ b/src/interfaces/chain.cpp
@@ -4,12 +4,39 @@
 
 #include <interfaces/chain.h>
 
+#include <sync.h>
 #include <util/system.h>
+#include <validation.h>
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <utility>
 
 namespace interfaces {
 namespace {
 
-    class ChainImpl : public Chain {};
+    class LockImpl : public Chain::Lock {};
+
+    class LockingStateImpl : public LockImpl,
+                             public UniqueLock<CCriticalSection> {
+        using UniqueLock::UniqueLock;
+    };
+
+    class ChainImpl : public Chain {
+    public:
+        std::unique_ptr<Chain::Lock> lock(bool try_lock) override {
+            auto result = std::make_unique<LockingStateImpl>(
+                ::cs_main, "cs_main", __FILE__, __LINE__, try_lock);
+            if (try_lock && result && !*result) {
+                return {};
+            }
+            // std::move necessary on some compilers due to conversion from
+            // LockingStateImpl to Lock pointer
+            return std::move(result);
+        }
+        std::unique_ptr<Chain::Lock> assumeLocked() override {
+            return std::make_unique<LockImpl>();
+        }
+    };
 
 } // namespace
 
diff --git a/src/interfaces/wallet.cpp b/src/interfaces/wallet.cpp
--- a/src/interfaces/wallet.cpp
+++ b/src/interfaces/wallet.cpp
@@ -43,7 +43,8 @@
         bool commit(WalletValueMap value_map, WalletOrderForm order_form,
                     std::string from_account,
                     std::string &reject_reason) override {
-            LOCK2(cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             CValidationState state;
             if (!m_wallet.CommitTransaction(
                     m_tx, std::move(value_map), std::move(order_form),
@@ -217,19 +218,23 @@
             return m_wallet.GetDestValues(prefix);
         }
         void lockCoin(const COutPoint &output) override {
-            LOCK2(cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             return m_wallet.LockCoin(output);
         }
         void unlockCoin(const COutPoint &output) override {
-            LOCK2(cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             return m_wallet.UnlockCoin(output);
         }
         bool isLockedCoin(const COutPoint &output) override {
-            LOCK2(cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             return m_wallet.IsLockedCoin(output);
         }
         void listLockedCoins(std::vector<COutPoint> &outputs) override {
-            LOCK2(cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             return m_wallet.ListLockedCoins(outputs);
         }
         std::unique_ptr<PendingWalletTx>
@@ -237,7 +242,8 @@
                           const CCoinControl &coin_control, bool sign,
                           int &change_pos, Amount &fee,
                           std::string &fail_reason) override {
-            LOCK2(cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             auto pending = std::make_unique<PendingWalletTxImpl>(m_wallet);
             if (!m_wallet.CreateTransaction(recipients, pending->m_tx,
                                             pending->m_key, fee, change_pos,
@@ -250,11 +256,13 @@
             return m_wallet.TransactionCanBeAbandoned(txid);
         }
         bool abandonTransaction(const TxId &txid) override {
-            LOCK2(cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             return m_wallet.AbandonTransaction(txid);
         }
         CTransactionRef getTx(const TxId &txid) override {
-            LOCK2(::cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             auto mi = m_wallet.mapWallet.find(txid);
             if (mi != m_wallet.mapWallet.end()) {
                 return mi->second.tx;
@@ -262,7 +270,8 @@
             return {};
         }
         WalletTx getWalletTx(const TxId &txid) override {
-            LOCK2(::cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             auto mi = m_wallet.mapWallet.find(txid);
             if (mi != m_wallet.mapWallet.end()) {
                 return MakeWalletTx(m_wallet, mi->second);
@@ -270,7 +279,8 @@
             return {};
         }
         std::vector<WalletTx> getWalletTxs() override {
-            LOCK2(::cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             std::vector<WalletTx> result;
             result.reserve(m_wallet.mapWallet.size());
             for (const auto &entry : m_wallet.mapWallet) {
@@ -281,7 +291,7 @@
         bool tryGetTxStatus(const TxId &txid,
                             interfaces::WalletTxStatus &tx_status,
                             int &num_blocks, int64_t &block_time) override {
-            TRY_LOCK(::cs_main, locked_chain);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock(true /* try_lock */);
             if (!locked_chain) {
                 return false;
             }
@@ -302,7 +312,8 @@
                                     WalletOrderForm &order_form,
                                     bool &in_mempool,
                                     int &num_blocks) override {
-            LOCK2(::cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             auto mi = m_wallet.mapWallet.find(txid);
             if (mi != m_wallet.mapWallet.end()) {
                 num_blocks = ::chainActive.Height();
@@ -331,7 +342,7 @@
         }
         bool tryGetBalances(WalletBalances &balances,
                             int &num_blocks) override {
-            TRY_LOCK(cs_main, locked_chain);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock(true /* try_lock */);
             if (!locked_chain) {
                 return false;
             }
@@ -348,23 +359,28 @@
             return m_wallet.GetAvailableBalance(&coin_control);
         }
         isminetype txinIsMine(const CTxIn &txin) override {
-            LOCK2(::cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             return m_wallet.IsMine(txin);
         }
         isminetype txoutIsMine(const CTxOut &txout) override {
-            LOCK2(::cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             return m_wallet.IsMine(txout);
         }
         Amount getDebit(const CTxIn &txin, isminefilter filter) override {
-            LOCK2(::cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             return m_wallet.GetDebit(txin, filter);
         }
         Amount getCredit(const CTxOut &txout, isminefilter filter) override {
-            LOCK2(::cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             return m_wallet.GetCredit(txout, filter);
         }
         CoinsList listCoins() override {
-            LOCK2(::cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             CoinsList result;
             for (const auto &entry : m_wallet.ListCoins()) {
                 auto &group = result[entry.first];
@@ -378,7 +394,8 @@
         }
         std::vector<WalletTxOut>
         getCoins(const std::vector<COutPoint> &outputs) override {
-            LOCK2(::cs_main, m_wallet.cs_wallet);
+            auto locked_chain = m_wallet.chain().lock();
+            LOCK(m_wallet.cs_wallet);
             std::vector<WalletTxOut> result;
             result.reserve(outputs.size());
             for (const auto &output : outputs) {
diff --git a/src/qt/test/wallettests.cpp b/src/qt/test/wallettests.cpp
--- a/src/qt/test/wallettests.cpp
+++ b/src/qt/test/wallettests.cpp
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@
         wallet->AddKeyPubKey(test.coinbaseKey, test.coinbaseKey.GetPubKey());
     }
     {
-        LOCK(cs_main);
+        auto locked_chain = wallet->chain().lock();
         WalletRescanReserver reserver(wallet.get());
         reserver.reserve();
         wallet->ScanForWalletTransactions(chainActive.Genesis(), nullptr,
diff --git a/src/wallet/rpcdump.cpp b/src/wallet/rpcdump.cpp
--- a/src/wallet/rpcdump.cpp
+++ b/src/wallet/rpcdump.cpp
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include <chain.h>
 #include <config.h>
 #include <core_io.h>
+#include <interfaces/chain.h>
 #include <key_io.h>
 #include <merkleblock.h>
 #include <rpc/server.h>
@@ -154,7 +155,8 @@
     WalletRescanReserver reserver(pwallet);
     bool fRescan = true;
     {
-        LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+        auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+        LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
         EnsureWalletIsUnlocked(pwallet);
 
@@ -366,7 +368,8 @@
     }
 
     {
-        LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+        auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+        LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
         CTxDestination dest = DecodeDestination(request.params[0].get_str(),
                                                 config.GetChainParams());
@@ -437,7 +440,7 @@
     size_t txnIndex = 0;
     if (merkleBlock.txn.ExtractMatches(vMatch, vIndex) ==
         merkleBlock.header.hashMerkleRoot) {
-        LOCK(cs_main);
+        auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
         const CBlockIndex *pindex =
             LookupBlockIndex(merkleBlock.header.GetHash());
         if (!pindex || !chainActive.Contains(pindex)) {
@@ -461,7 +464,8 @@
     wtx.nIndex = txnIndex;
     wtx.hashBlock = merkleBlock.header.GetHash();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     if (pwallet->IsMine(*wtx.tx)) {
         pwallet->AddToWallet(wtx, false);
@@ -500,7 +504,8 @@
                            "eae7628734ea0a5\""));
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     TxId txid;
     txid.SetHex(request.params[0].get_str());
@@ -592,7 +597,8 @@
     }
 
     {
-        LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+        auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+        LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
         for (const auto &dest : GetAllDestinationsForKey(pubKey)) {
             ImportAddress(pwallet, dest, strLabel);
@@ -645,7 +651,8 @@
     int64_t nTimeBegin = 0;
     bool fGood = true;
     {
-        LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+        auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+        LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
         EnsureWalletIsUnlocked(pwallet);
 
@@ -829,7 +836,8 @@
             HelpExampleRpc("dumpprivkey", "\"myaddress\""));
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     EnsureWalletIsUnlocked(pwallet);
 
@@ -883,7 +891,8 @@
             HelpExampleCli("dumpwallet", "\"test\"") +
             HelpExampleRpc("dumpwallet", "\"test\""));
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     EnsureWalletIsUnlocked(pwallet);
 
@@ -1464,7 +1473,8 @@
     int64_t nLowestTimestamp = 0;
     UniValue response(UniValue::VARR);
     {
-        LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+        auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+        LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
         EnsureWalletIsUnlocked(pwallet);
 
         // Verify all timestamps are present before importing any keys.
diff --git a/src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp b/src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp
--- a/src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp
+++ b/src/wallet/rpcwallet.cpp
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include <consensus/validation.h>
 #include <core_io.h>
 #include <init.h>
+#include <interfaces/chain.h>
 #include <key_io.h>
 #include <net.h>
 #include <outputtype.h>
@@ -283,7 +284,8 @@
             HelpExampleCli("getaccountaddress", "\"myaccount\"") +
             HelpExampleRpc("getaccountaddress", "\"myaccount\""));
     }
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     // Parse the account first so we don't generate a key if there's an error
     std::string account = LabelFromValue(request.params[0]);
@@ -478,7 +480,8 @@
                            "\"1D1ZrZNe3JUo7ZycKEYQQiQAWd9y54F4XX\""));
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     CTxDestination dest =
         DecodeDestination(request.params[0].get_str(), config.GetChainParams());
@@ -537,7 +540,8 @@
             HelpExampleRpc("getaddressesbyaccount", "\"tabby\""));
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     std::string strAccount = LabelFromValue(request.params[0]);
 
@@ -668,7 +672,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     CTxDestination dest =
         DecodeDestination(request.params[0].get_str(), config.GetChainParams());
@@ -743,7 +748,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     UniValue jsonGroupings(UniValue::VARR);
     std::map<CTxDestination, Amount> balances = pwallet->GetAddressBalances();
@@ -808,7 +814,8 @@
                 "\"1D1ZrZNe3JUo7ZycKEYQQiQAWd9y54F4XX\", \"my message\""));
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     EnsureWalletIsUnlocked(pwallet);
 
@@ -887,7 +894,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     // Bitcoin address
     CTxDestination dest =
@@ -986,7 +994,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     // Minimum confirmations
     int nMinDepth = 1;
@@ -1111,7 +1120,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     const UniValue &account_value = request.params[0];
 
@@ -1167,7 +1177,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     return ValueFromAmount(pwallet->GetUnconfirmedBalance());
 }
@@ -1229,7 +1240,8 @@
                 "\"timotei\", \"akiko\", 0.01, 6, \"happy birthday!\""));
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     std::string strFrom = LabelFromValue(request.params[0]);
     std::string strTo = LabelFromValue(request.params[1]);
@@ -1335,7 +1347,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     std::string label = LabelFromValue(request.params[0]);
     CTxDestination dest =
@@ -1540,7 +1553,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     if (pwallet->GetBroadcastTransactions() && !g_connman) {
         throw JSONRPCError(
@@ -1706,7 +1720,8 @@
         throw std::runtime_error(msg);
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     std::string label;
     if (!request.params[2].isNull()) {
@@ -1969,7 +1984,9 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
+
     return ListReceived(config, pwallet, request.params, false);
 }
 
@@ -2035,7 +2052,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     return ListReceived(config, pwallet, request.params, true);
 }
@@ -2353,7 +2371,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     std::string strAccount = "*";
     if (!request.params[0].isNull()) {
@@ -2493,7 +2512,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     int nMinDepth = 1;
     if (!request.params[0].isNull()) {
@@ -2677,7 +2697,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     // Block index of the specified block or the common ancestor, if the block
     // provided was in a deactivated chain.
@@ -2866,7 +2887,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     TxId txid;
     txid.SetHex(request.params[0].get_str());
@@ -2943,7 +2965,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     TxId txid;
     txid.SetHex(request.params[0].get_str());
@@ -2986,7 +3009,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     std::string strDest = request.params[0].get_str();
     if (!pwallet->BackupWallet(strDest)) {
@@ -3024,7 +3048,8 @@
                            "Error: Private keys are disabled for this wallet");
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     // 0 is interpreted by TopUpKeyPool() as the default keypool size given by
     // -keypool
@@ -3085,7 +3110,8 @@
             HelpExampleRpc("walletpassphrase", "\"my pass phrase\", 60"));
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     if (request.fHelp) {
         return true;
@@ -3167,7 +3193,8 @@
                            "\"old one\", \"new one\""));
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     if (request.fHelp) {
         return true;
@@ -3236,7 +3263,8 @@
             HelpExampleRpc("walletlock", ""));
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     if (request.fHelp) {
         return true;
@@ -3293,7 +3321,8 @@
             HelpExampleRpc("encryptwallet", "\"my pass phrase\""));
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     if (request.fHelp) {
         return true;
@@ -3398,7 +3427,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     RPCTypeCheckArgument(request.params[0], UniValue::VBOOL);
 
@@ -3529,7 +3559,8 @@
             "\nAs a json rpc call\n" + HelpExampleRpc("listlockunspent", ""));
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     std::vector<COutPoint> vOutpts;
     pwallet->ListLockedCoins(vOutpts);
@@ -3573,7 +3604,8 @@
             HelpExampleRpc("settxfee", "0.00001"));
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     Amount nAmount = AmountFromValue(request.params[0]);
     CFeeRate tx_fee_rate(nAmount, 1000);
@@ -3661,7 +3693,8 @@
     // the user could have gotten from another RPC command prior to now
     pwallet->BlockUntilSyncedToCurrentChain();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
 
@@ -3946,7 +3979,8 @@
             "Error: Peer-to-peer functionality missing or disabled");
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     if (!pwallet->GetBroadcastTransactions()) {
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_WALLET_ERROR, "Error: Wallet transaction "
@@ -4137,7 +4171,8 @@
     UniValue results(UniValue::VARR);
     std::vector<COutput> vecOutputs;
     {
-        LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+        auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+        LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
         pwallet->AvailableCoins(vecOutputs, !include_unsafe, nullptr,
                                 nMinimumAmount, nMaximumAmount,
                                 nMinimumSumAmount, nMaximumCount, nMinDepth,
@@ -4505,7 +4540,8 @@
     }
 
     // Sign the transaction
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
     return SignTransaction(pwallet->chain(), mtx, request.params[1], pwallet,
                            false, request.params[2]);
 }
@@ -4602,7 +4638,7 @@
     CBlockIndex *pindexStop = nullptr;
     CBlockIndex *pChainTip = nullptr;
     {
-        LOCK(cs_main);
+        auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
         pindexStart = chainActive.Genesis();
         pChainTip = chainActive.Tip();
 
@@ -4629,7 +4665,7 @@
 
     // We can't rescan beyond non-pruned blocks, stop and throw an error
     if (fPruneMode) {
-        LOCK(cs_main);
+        auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
         CBlockIndex *block = pindexStop ? pindexStop : pChainTip;
         while (block && block->nHeight >= pindexStart->nHeight) {
             if (!block->nStatus.hasData()) {
@@ -5081,7 +5117,8 @@
             "Cannot set a HD seed to a wallet with private keys disabled");
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, pwallet->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = pwallet->chain().lock();
+    LOCK(pwallet->cs_wallet);
 
     // Do not do anything to non-HD wallets
     if (!pwallet->CanSupportFeature(FEATURE_HD)) {
diff --git a/src/wallet/test/wallet_tests.cpp b/src/wallet/test/wallet_tests.cpp
--- a/src/wallet/test/wallet_tests.cpp
+++ b/src/wallet/test/wallet_tests.cpp
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include <chainparams.h>
 #include <config.h>
 #include <consensus/validation.h>
+#include <interfaces/chain.h>
 #include <rpc/server.h>
 #include <validation.h>
 #include <wallet/coincontrol.h>
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@
     CreateAndProcessBlock({}, GetScriptForRawPubKey(coinbaseKey.GetPubKey()));
     CBlockIndex *newTip = chainActive.Tip();
 
-    LOCK(cs_main);
+    auto locked_chain = chain->lock();
 
     // Verify ScanForWalletTransactions picks up transactions in both the old
     // and new block files.
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@
                               GetScriptForRawPubKey(coinbaseKey.GetPubKey()))
             .vtx[0]);
 
-    LOCK(cs_main);
+    auto locked_chain = chain->lock();
 
     std::string backup_file =
         (SetDataDir("importwallet_rescan") / "wallet.backup").string();
@@ -211,7 +212,8 @@
     CWallet wallet(Params(), *chain, WalletLocation(),
                    WalletDatabase::CreateDummy());
     CWalletTx wtx(&wallet, m_coinbase_txns.back());
-    LOCK2(cs_main, wallet.cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain->lock();
+    LOCK(wallet.cs_wallet);
     wtx.hashBlock = chainActive.Tip()->GetBlockHash();
     wtx.nIndex = 0;
 
@@ -233,7 +235,7 @@
     SetMockTime(mockTime);
     CBlockIndex *block = nullptr;
     if (blockTime > 0) {
-        LOCK(cs_main);
+        auto locked_chain = wallet.chain().lock();
         auto inserted =
             mapBlockIndex.emplace(BlockHash(GetRandHash()), new CBlockIndex);
         assert(inserted.second);
@@ -341,6 +343,9 @@
     }
 
     std::unique_ptr<interfaces::Chain> m_chain = interfaces::MakeChain();
+    // Temporary. Removed in upcoming lock cleanup
+    std::unique_ptr<interfaces::Chain::Lock> m_locked_chain =
+        m_chain->assumeLocked();
     std::unique_ptr<CWallet> wallet;
 };
 
diff --git a/src/wallet/wallet.cpp b/src/wallet/wallet.cpp
--- a/src/wallet/wallet.cpp
+++ b/src/wallet/wallet.cpp
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include <consensus/consensus.h>
 #include <consensus/validation.h>
 #include <fs.h>
+#include <interfaces/chain.h>
 #include <key.h>
 #include <key_io.h>
 #include <keystore.h>
@@ -1167,7 +1168,8 @@
 }
 
 bool CWallet::TransactionCanBeAbandoned(const TxId &txid) const {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
     const CWalletTx *wtx = GetWalletTx(txid);
     return wtx && !wtx->isAbandoned() && wtx->GetDepthInMainChain() == 0 &&
            !wtx->InMempool();
@@ -1183,7 +1185,9 @@
 }
 
 bool CWallet::AbandonTransaction(const TxId &txid) {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    // Temporary. Removed in upcoming lock cleanup
+    auto locked_chain_recursive = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
     WalletBatch batch(*database, "r+");
 
@@ -1243,7 +1247,8 @@
 }
 
 void CWallet::MarkConflicted(const BlockHash &hashBlock, const TxId &txid) {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
     int conflictconfirms = 0;
     CBlockIndex *pindex = LookupBlockIndex(hashBlock);
@@ -1314,7 +1319,8 @@
 }
 
 void CWallet::TransactionAddedToMempool(const CTransactionRef &ptx) {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
     SyncTransaction(ptx);
 
     auto it = mapWallet.find(ptx->GetId());
@@ -1334,7 +1340,8 @@
 void CWallet::BlockConnected(
     const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> &pblock, const CBlockIndex *pindex,
     const std::vector<CTransactionRef> &vtxConflicted) {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
     // TODO: Temporarily ensure that mempool removals are notified before
     // connected transactions. This shouldn't matter, but the abandoned state of
@@ -1357,7 +1364,8 @@
 }
 
 void CWallet::BlockDisconnected(const std::shared_ptr<const CBlock> &pblock) {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
     for (const CTransactionRef &ptx : pblock->vtx) {
         SyncTransaction(ptx);
@@ -1374,9 +1382,8 @@
         // We could also take cs_wallet here, and call m_last_block_processed
         // protected by cs_wallet instead of cs_main, but as long as we need
         // cs_main here anyway, it's easier to just call it cs_main-protected.
-        LOCK(cs_main);
+        auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
         const CBlockIndex *initialChainTip = chainActive.Tip();
-
         if (m_last_block_processed &&
             m_last_block_processed->GetAncestor(initialChainTip->nHeight) ==
                 initialChainTip) {
@@ -1832,7 +1839,7 @@
     // to be scanned.
     CBlockIndex *startBlock = nullptr;
     {
-        LOCK(cs_main);
+        auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
         startBlock =
             chainActive.FindEarliestAtLeast(startTime - TIMESTAMP_WINDOW);
         WalletLogPrintf(
@@ -1894,7 +1901,7 @@
         double progress_begin;
         double progress_end;
         {
-            LOCK(cs_main);
+            auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
             progress_begin =
                 GuessVerificationProgress(chainParams.TxData(), pindex);
             if (pindexStop == nullptr) {
@@ -1926,7 +1933,8 @@
 
             CBlock block;
             if (ReadBlockFromDisk(block, pindex, chainParams.GetConsensus())) {
-                LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+                auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+                LOCK(cs_wallet);
                 if (pindex && !chainActive.Contains(pindex)) {
                     // Abort scan if current block is no longer active, to
                     // prevent marking transactions as coming from the wrong
@@ -1946,7 +1954,7 @@
                 break;
             }
             {
-                LOCK(cs_main);
+                auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
                 pindex = chainActive.Next(pindex);
                 progress_current =
                     GuessVerificationProgress(chainParams.TxData(), pindex);
@@ -1982,7 +1990,8 @@
         return;
     }
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
     std::map<int64_t, CWalletTx *> mapSorted;
 
     // Sort pending wallet transactions based on their initial wallet insertion
@@ -2295,6 +2304,8 @@
 
     nLastResend = GetTime();
 
+    // Temporary. Removed in upcoming lock cleanup
+    auto locked_chain = chain().assumeLocked();
     // Rebroadcast unconfirmed txes older than 5 minutes before the last block
     // was found:
     std::vector<uint256> relayed =
@@ -2314,7 +2325,8 @@
  */
 Amount CWallet::GetBalance(const isminefilter &filter,
                            const int min_depth) const {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
     Amount nTotal = Amount::zero();
     for (const auto &entry : mapWallet) {
@@ -2328,7 +2340,8 @@
 }
 
 Amount CWallet::GetUnconfirmedBalance() const {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
     Amount nTotal = Amount::zero();
     for (const auto &entry : mapWallet) {
@@ -2343,7 +2356,8 @@
 }
 
 Amount CWallet::GetImmatureBalance() const {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
     Amount nTotal = Amount::zero();
     for (const auto &entry : mapWallet) {
@@ -2355,7 +2369,8 @@
 }
 
 Amount CWallet::GetUnconfirmedWatchOnlyBalance() const {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
     Amount nTotal = Amount::zero();
     for (const auto &entry : mapWallet) {
@@ -2370,7 +2385,8 @@
 }
 
 Amount CWallet::GetImmatureWatchOnlyBalance() const {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
     Amount nTotal = Amount::zero();
     for (const auto &entry : mapWallet) {
@@ -2389,7 +2405,8 @@
 // trusted.
 Amount CWallet::GetLegacyBalance(const isminefilter &filter, int minDepth,
                                  const std::string *account) const {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
     Amount balance = Amount::zero();
     for (const auto &entry : mapWallet) {
@@ -2427,7 +2444,8 @@
 }
 
 Amount CWallet::GetAvailableBalance(const CCoinControl *coinControl) const {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
     Amount balance = Amount::zero();
     std::vector<COutput> vCoins;
@@ -2888,7 +2906,8 @@
 
     // Acquire the locks to prevent races to the new locked unspents between the
     // CreateTransaction call and LockCoin calls (when lockUnspents is true).
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
     CReserveKey reservekey(this);
     CTransactionRef tx_new;
@@ -3007,7 +3026,8 @@
 
     {
         std::set<CInputCoin> setCoins;
-        LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+        auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+        LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
         std::vector<COutput> vAvailableCoins;
         AvailableCoins(vAvailableCoins, true, &coinControl);
@@ -3380,7 +3400,8 @@
     std::vector<std::pair<std::string, std::string>> orderForm,
     std::string fromAccount, CReserveKey &reservekey, CConnman *connman,
     CValidationState &state) {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
     CWalletTx wtxNew(this, std::move(tx));
     wtxNew.mapValue = std::move(mapValue);
@@ -3452,7 +3473,8 @@
 }
 
 DBErrors CWallet::LoadWallet(bool &fFirstRunRet) {
-    LOCK2(cs_main, cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain().lock();
+    LOCK(cs_wallet);
 
     fFirstRunRet = false;
     DBErrors nLoadWalletRet = WalletBatch(*database, "cr+").LoadWallet(this);
@@ -4593,6 +4615,8 @@
             return nullptr;
         }
 
+        // Temporary. Removed in upcoming lock cleanup
+        auto locked_chain = chain.assumeLocked();
         walletInstance->ChainStateFlushed(chainActive.GetLocator());
     } else if (wallet_creation_flags & WALLET_FLAG_DISABLE_PRIVATE_KEYS) {
         // Make it impossible to disable private keys after creation
@@ -4692,7 +4716,8 @@
     // Try to top up keypool. No-op if the wallet is locked.
     walletInstance->TopUpKeyPool();
 
-    LOCK2(cs_main, walletInstance->cs_wallet);
+    auto locked_chain = chain.lock();
+    LOCK(walletInstance->cs_wallet);
 
     CBlockIndex *pindexRescan = chainActive.Genesis();
     if (!gArgs.GetBoolArg("-rescan", false)) {