blockindex_tests.cpp
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	// Copyright (c) 2018-2019 The Bitcoin developers
	// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
	// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

	#include <blockvalidity.h>
	#include <chain.h>
	#include <uint256.h>

	#include <test/test_bitcoin.h>

	#include <boost/test/unit_test.hpp>

	#include <limits>

	BOOST_FIXTURE_TEST_SUITE(blockindex_tests, BasicTestingSetup)

	BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(get_block_header) {
	const int32_t expectedVersion = 4;
	const uint256 expectedMerkleRoot = uint256();
	const uint32_t expectedBlockTime = 123;
	const uint32_t expectedDifficultyBits = 234;
	const uint32_t expectedNonce = 345;

	CBlockHeader header;
	header.nVersion = expectedVersion;
	header.hashMerkleRoot = expectedMerkleRoot;
	header.nTime = expectedBlockTime;
	header.nBits = expectedDifficultyBits;
	header.nNonce = expectedNonce;

	CBlockIndex index = CBlockIndex(header);

	CBlockHeader checkHeader = index.GetBlockHeader();
	BOOST_CHECK(checkHeader.nVersion == expectedVersion);
	BOOST_CHECK(checkHeader.hashMerkleRoot == expectedMerkleRoot);
	BOOST_CHECK(checkHeader.nTime == expectedBlockTime);
	BOOST_CHECK(checkHeader.nBits == expectedDifficultyBits);
	BOOST_CHECK(checkHeader.nNonce == expectedNonce);
	}

	BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(get_disk_positions) {
	// Test against all validity values
	std::set<BlockValidity> validityValues{
	BlockValidity::UNKNOWN, BlockValidity::HEADER,
	BlockValidity::TREE, BlockValidity::TRANSACTIONS,
	BlockValidity::CHAIN, BlockValidity::SCRIPTS};
	for (BlockValidity validity : validityValues) {
	// Test against all combinations of data and undo flags
	for (int flags = 0; flags <= 0x03; flags++) {
	// Generate some values to test against
	const int expectedFile = flags * 123;
	const unsigned int expectedDataPosition = flags * 234;
	const unsigned int expectedUndoPosition = flags * 345;

	CBlockIndex index;
	index.nStatus = index.nStatus.withValidity(BlockValidity(validity));

	// All combinations of data and undo
	if (flags & 0x01) {
	index.nStatus = index.nStatus.withData();
	index.nFile = expectedFile;
	index.nDataPos = expectedDataPosition;
	}
	if (flags & 0x02) {
	index.nStatus = index.nStatus.withUndo();
	index.nFile = expectedFile;
	index.nUndoPos = expectedUndoPosition;
	}

	// Data and undo positions should be unmodified
	FlatFilePos dataPosition = index.GetBlockPos();
	if (flags & 0x01) {
	BOOST_CHECK(dataPosition.nFile == expectedFile);
	BOOST_CHECK(dataPosition.nPos == expectedDataPosition);
	} else {
	BOOST_CHECK(dataPosition == FlatFilePos());
	}

	FlatFilePos undoPosition = index.GetUndoPos();
	if (flags & 0x02) {
	BOOST_CHECK(undoPosition.nFile == expectedFile);
	BOOST_CHECK(undoPosition.nPos == expectedUndoPosition);
	} else {
	BOOST_CHECK(undoPosition == FlatFilePos());
	}
	}
	}
	}

	BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(get_block_hash) {
	CBlockIndex index = CBlockIndex();

	/* Test with all 0 hash */
	const BlockHash zeroHash = BlockHash();
	index.phashBlock = &zeroHash;
	BlockHash hash = index.GetBlockHash();
	BOOST_CHECK(hash == zeroHash);

	/* Test with a random hash */
	uint256 hashBytes;
	std::generate(hashBytes.begin(), hashBytes.end(),
	[]() { return uint8_t(rand() % 255); });

	const BlockHash randomHash = BlockHash(hashBytes);
	index.phashBlock = &randomHash;
	hash = index.GetBlockHash();
	BOOST_CHECK(hash == randomHash);
	}

	BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(received_time) {
	// Set to UINT32_MAX because that's the maximum value header.nTime can hold
	const int64_t expectedBlockTime = std::numeric_limits<uint32_t>::max();

	CBlockHeader header;
	header.nTime = uint32_t(expectedBlockTime);

	CBlockIndex index = CBlockIndex(header);

	// nTimeReceived defaults to 0
	BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(index.nTimeReceived, 0);

	// nTimeReceived can be updated to the actual received time, which may
	// be before or after the miner's time.
	for (int64_t receivedTime = expectedBlockTime - 10;
	// Make sure that receivedTime is tested beyond 32-bit values.
	receivedTime <= expectedBlockTime + 10; receivedTime++) {
	index.nTimeReceived = receivedTime;
	BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(index.GetBlockTime(), expectedBlockTime);
	BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(index.GetHeaderReceivedTime(), receivedTime);
	BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(index.GetReceivedTimeDiff(),
	receivedTime - expectedBlockTime);
	}
	}

	BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(median_time_past) {
	std::array<CBlockIndex, 12> indices;

	// times in this test are pairs of <blockTime, MTP>

	// Check that MTP is correctly calculated for all cases when block times
	// are consecutive and greater than previous block times:
	// 1) All cases where the number of blocks is < 11
	// 2) The case where the number of blocks is exactly 11
	// 3) The case where the number of blocks is > 11 (but only 11 are used to
	// calculate MTP.
	std::array<std::pair<int, int>, 12> times = {{{0, 0},
	{1, 1},
	{2, 1},
	{4, 2},
	{4, 2},
	{5, 4},
	{7, 4},
	{10, 4},
	{12, 4},
	{14, 5},
	{17, 5},
	{20, 7}}};
	for (size_t i = 0; i < indices.size(); i++) {
	indices[i].nTime = times[i].first;
	if (i > 0) {
	indices[i].pprev = &indices[i - 1];
	}

	BOOST_CHECK(indices[i].GetMedianTimePast() == times[i].second);
	}

	// Test against non-consecutive block times
	std::array<std::pair<int, int>, 12> times2 = {{{0, 0},
	{0, 0},
	{1, 0},
	{3, 1},
	{2, 1},
	{3, 2},
	{4, 2},
	{5, 3},
	{6, 3},
	{7, 3},
	{8, 3},
	{9, 4}}};
	for (size_t i = 0; i < indices.size(); i++) {
	indices[i].nTime = times2[i].first;
	BOOST_CHECK(indices[i].GetMedianTimePast() == times2[i].second);
	}
	}

	BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(to_string) {
	CBlockHeader header = CBlockHeader();
	header.hashMerkleRoot = uint256();

	CBlockIndex index = CBlockIndex(header);
	const BlockHash hashBlock = BlockHash();
	index.phashBlock = &hashBlock;
	index.nHeight = 123;

	CBlockIndex indexPrev = CBlockIndex();

	std::string expectedString = "";
	std::string indexString = "";

	/* CASE 1 : pprev is null */
	expectedString = strprintf(
	"CBlockIndex(pprev=%p, nHeight=123, "
	"merkle="
	"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000, "
	"hashBlock="
	"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000)",
	(void *)(nullptr));
	index.pprev = nullptr;
	indexString = index.ToString();
	BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(indexString, expectedString);

	/* CASE 2 : pprev is indexPrev */
	expectedString = strprintf(
	"CBlockIndex(pprev=%p, nHeight=123, "
	"merkle="
	"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000, "
	"hashBlock="
	"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000)",
	&indexPrev);
	index.pprev = &indexPrev;
	indexString = index.ToString();
	BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(indexString, expectedString);

	/* CASE 3 : height is max(int) */
	expectedString = strprintf(
	"CBlockIndex(pprev=%p, nHeight=2147483647, "
	"merkle="
	"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000, "
	"hashBlock="
	"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000)",
	&indexPrev);
	index.nHeight = INT32_MAX;
	indexString = index.ToString();
	BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(indexString, expectedString);

	/* CASE 4 : set some Merkle root hash */
	expectedString = strprintf(
	"CBlockIndex(pprev=%p, nHeight=2147483647, "
	"merkle="
	"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000123456789abcdef, "
	"hashBlock="
	"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000)",
	&indexPrev);
	index.hashMerkleRoot = uint256S("0123456789ABCDEF");
	indexString = index.ToString();
	BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(indexString, expectedString);

	/* CASE 5 : set some block hash */
	expectedString = strprintf(
	"CBlockIndex(pprev=%p, nHeight=2147483647, "
	"merkle="
	"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000123456789abcdef, "
	"hashBlock="
	"000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000fedcba9876543210)",
	&indexPrev);
	const BlockHash emptyHashBlock = BlockHash::fromHex("FEDCBA9876543210");
	index.phashBlock = &emptyHashBlock;
	indexString = index.ToString();
	BOOST_CHECK_EQUAL(indexString, expectedString);
	}

	BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(index_validity_tests) {
	CBlockIndex index;

	// Test against all validity values
	std::set<BlockValidity> validityValues{
	BlockValidity::UNKNOWN, BlockValidity::HEADER,
	BlockValidity::TREE, BlockValidity::TRANSACTIONS,
	BlockValidity::CHAIN, BlockValidity::SCRIPTS};
	std::set<bool> boolValues = {false, true};
	for (BlockValidity validity : validityValues) {
	for (bool withFailed : boolValues) {
	for (bool withFailedParent : boolValues) {
	index.nStatus = BlockStatus()
	.withValidity(validity)
	.withFailed(withFailed)
	.withFailedParent(withFailedParent);

	for (BlockValidity validUpTo : validityValues) {
	// Test isValidity()
	bool isValid = index.IsValid(validUpTo);
	if (validUpTo <= validity && !withFailed &&
	!withFailedParent) {
	BOOST_CHECK(isValid);
	} else {
	BOOST_CHECK(!isValid);
	}

	// Test RaiseValidity()
	CBlockIndex indexRaiseValidity;
	for (BlockValidity validFrom : validityValues) {
	indexRaiseValidity.nStatus =
	BlockStatus()
	.withValidity(validFrom)
	.withFailed(withFailed)
	.withFailedParent(withFailedParent);

	bool raisedValidity =
	indexRaiseValidity.RaiseValidity(validUpTo);
	if (validFrom < validUpTo && !withFailed &&
	!withFailedParent) {
	BOOST_CHECK(raisedValidity);
	BOOST_CHECK(
	indexRaiseValidity.nStatus.getValidity() ==
	validUpTo);
	} else {
	BOOST_CHECK(!raisedValidity);
	BOOST_CHECK(
	indexRaiseValidity.nStatus.getValidity() ==
	validFrom);
	}
	}
	}
	}
	}
	}
	}

	BOOST_AUTO_TEST_CASE(index_ancestors) {
	std::array<CBlockIndex, 256> indexes;

	/* Check the skip pointer don't build when there is no precedence */
	for (size_t i = 0; i < indexes.size(); i++) {
	indexes[i] = CBlockIndex();
	indexes[i].nHeight = i;

	indexes[i].pprev = nullptr;
	indexes[i].pskip = nullptr;

	indexes[i].BuildSkip();

	/* Check that skip not rebuilt if there is no preceding index */
	BOOST_CHECK(indexes[i].pskip == nullptr);
	}

	for (size_t i = 0; i < indexes.size(); i++) {
	if (i > 0) {
	indexes[i].pprev = &indexes[i - 1];
	indexes[i].BuildSkip();

	/* Check that skip is built */
	BOOST_CHECK(indexes[i].pskip != nullptr);

	/*
	* Starting from height 2, pskip should be more efficient that
	* pprev.
	* Ensure pskip.nHeight < pprev.nHeight
	*/
	if (i > 1) {
	BOOST_CHECK(indexes[i].pskip->nHeight <
	indexes[i].pprev->nHeight);
	}

	/* Find an ancestor 16 indexes behind */
	if (i > 16) {
	CBlockIndex *ancestor =
	indexes[i].GetAncestor(indexes[i].nHeight - 16);
	BOOST_CHECK(ancestor != nullptr);
	BOOST_CHECK(ancestor->nHeight == (indexes[i].nHeight - 16));
	}
	}
	}

	/*
	* Reorder these indexes to setup multiple branches:
	*
	* (248)->(...)->(255)
	* /
	* (128)->(...)->(191)->(...)->(247)
	* /
	* (0)->(...)->(63)->(...)->(127)
	*/
	for (size_t i = 0; i < indexes.size(); i++) {
	/* Build the tree */
	indexes[i].pskip = nullptr;
	if (i > 0) {
	indexes[i].pprev = &indexes[i - 1];
	}
	if (i < 128) {
	indexes[i].nHeight = i;
	} else if (i < 248) {
	/* Branch at 128 */
	if (i == 128) {
	indexes[i].pprev = &indexes[63];
	}
	indexes[i].nHeight = i - 64;
	} else {
	/* Branch at 248 */
	if (i == 248) {
	indexes[i].pprev = &indexes[191];
	}
	indexes[i].nHeight = i - 128 + 8;
	}

	/* Build and test skip pointer */
	if (i > 0) {
	indexes[i].BuildSkip();

	/* Check that skip is built */
	BOOST_CHECK(indexes[i].pskip != nullptr);

	/*
	* Starting from height 2, pskip should be more efficient that
	* pprev.
	* Ensure pskip.nHeight < pprev.nHeight
	*/
	if (i > 1) {
	BOOST_CHECK(indexes[i].pskip->nHeight <
	indexes[i].pprev->nHeight);
	}
	}

	/* Find an ancestor 37 indexes behind */
	if (i > 37) {
	CBlockIndex *ancestor =
	indexes[i].GetAncestor(indexes[i].nHeight - 37);
	BOOST_CHECK(ancestor != nullptr);
	BOOST_CHECK(ancestor->nHeight == (indexes[i].nHeight - 37));
	}
	}
	}

	BOOST_AUTO_TEST_SUITE_END()

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