diff --git a/src/rpc/misc.cpp b/src/rpc/misc.cpp
index fbed6bce8..89721bbb7 100644
--- a/src/rpc/misc.cpp
+++ b/src/rpc/misc.cpp
@@ -1,740 +1,741 @@
 // Copyright (c) 2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
 // Copyright (c) 2009-2016 The Bitcoin Core developers
 // Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 // file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 
 #include <chainparams.h>
 #include <config.h>
 #include <httpserver.h>
 #include <key_io.h>
 #include <logging.h>
 #include <node/context.h>
 #include <outputtype.h>
 #include <rpc/blockchain.h>
 #include <rpc/server.h>
 #include <rpc/util.h>
 #include <scheduler.h>
 #include <script/descriptor.h>
 #include <util/check.h>
 #include <util/strencodings.h>
 #include <util/system.h>
 #include <util/validation.h>
 
 #include <univalue.h>
 
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <tuple>
 #ifdef HAVE_MALLOC_INFO
 #include <malloc.h>
 #endif
 
 static UniValue validateaddress(const Config &config,
                                 const JSONRPCRequest &request) {
     RPCHelpMan{
         "validateaddress",
         "\nReturn information about the given bitcoin address.\n",
         {
             {"address", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO,
              "The bitcoin address to validate"},
         },
         RPCResult{
             "{\n"
             "  \"isvalid\" : true|false,       (boolean) If the address is "
             "valid or not. If not, this is the only property returned.\n"
             "  \"address\" : \"address\",        (string) The bitcoin address "
             "validated\n"
             "  \"scriptPubKey\" : \"hex\",       (string) The hex-encoded "
             "scriptPubKey generated by the address\n"
             "  \"isscript\" : true|false,      (boolean) If the key is a "
             "script\n"
             "}\n"},
         RPCExamples{HelpExampleCli("validateaddress",
                                    "\"1PSSGeFHDnKNxiEyFrD1wcEaHr9hrQDDWc\"") +
                     HelpExampleRpc("validateaddress",
                                    "\"1PSSGeFHDnKNxiEyFrD1wcEaHr9hrQDDWc\"")},
     }
         .Check(request);
 
     CTxDestination dest =
         DecodeDestination(request.params[0].get_str(), config.GetChainParams());
     bool isValid = IsValidDestination(dest);
 
     UniValue ret(UniValue::VOBJ);
     ret.pushKV("isvalid", isValid);
 
     if (isValid) {
         if (ret["address"].isNull()) {
             std::string currentAddress = EncodeDestination(dest, config);
             ret.pushKV("address", currentAddress);
 
             CScript scriptPubKey = GetScriptForDestination(dest);
             ret.pushKV("scriptPubKey",
                        HexStr(scriptPubKey.begin(), scriptPubKey.end()));
 
             UniValue detail = DescribeAddress(dest);
             ret.pushKVs(detail);
         }
     }
     return ret;
 }
 
 static UniValue createmultisig(const Config &config,
                                const JSONRPCRequest &request) {
     RPCHelpMan{
         "createmultisig",
         "\nCreates a multi-signature address with n signature of m keys "
         "required.\n"
         "It returns a json object with the address and redeemScript.\n",
         {
             {"nrequired", RPCArg::Type::NUM, RPCArg::Optional::NO,
              "The number of required signatures out of the n keys."},
             {"keys",
              RPCArg::Type::ARR,
              RPCArg::Optional::NO,
              "A json array of hex-encoded public keys.",
              {
                  {"key", RPCArg::Type::STR_HEX, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED,
                   "The hex-encoded public key"},
              }},
         },
         RPCResult{"{\n"
                   "  \"address\":\"multisigaddress\",  (string) The value of "
                   "the new multisig address.\n"
                   "  \"redeemScript\":\"script\"       (string) The string "
                   "value of the hex-encoded redemption script.\n"
                   "}\n"},
         RPCExamples{
             "\nCreate a multisig address from 2 public keys\n" +
             HelpExampleCli("createmultisig",
                            "2 "
                            "\"["
                            "\\\"03789ed0bb717d88f7d321a368d905e7430207ebbd82bd3"
                            "42cf11ae157a7ace5fd\\\","
                            "\\\"03dbc6764b8884a92e871274b87583e6d5c2a58819473e1"
                            "7e107ef3f6aa5a61626\\\"]\"") +
             "\nAs a JSON-RPC call\n" +
             HelpExampleRpc("createmultisig",
                            "2, "
                            "\"["
                            "\\\"03789ed0bb717d88f7d321a368d905e7430207ebbd82bd3"
                            "42cf11ae157a7ace5fd\\\","
                            "\\\"03dbc6764b8884a92e871274b87583e6d5c2a58819473e1"
                            "7e107ef3f6aa5a61626\\\"]\"")},
     }
         .Check(request);
 
     int required = request.params[0].get_int();
 
     // Get the public keys
     const UniValue &keys = request.params[1].get_array();
     std::vector<CPubKey> pubkeys;
     for (size_t i = 0; i < keys.size(); ++i) {
         if ((keys[i].get_str().length() ==
                  2 * CPubKey::COMPRESSED_PUBLIC_KEY_SIZE ||
              keys[i].get_str().length() == 2 * CPubKey::PUBLIC_KEY_SIZE) &&
             IsHex(keys[i].get_str())) {
             pubkeys.push_back(HexToPubKey(keys[i].get_str()));
         } else {
             throw JSONRPCError(
                 RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY,
                 strprintf("Invalid public key: %s\n", keys[i].get_str()));
         }
     }
 
     // Get the output type
     OutputType output_type = OutputType::LEGACY;
 
     // Construct using pay-to-script-hash:
     FillableSigningProvider keystore;
     CScript inner;
     const CTxDestination dest = AddAndGetMultisigDestination(
         required, pubkeys, output_type, keystore, inner);
 
     UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
     result.pushKV("address", EncodeDestination(dest, config));
     result.pushKV("redeemScript", HexStr(inner.begin(), inner.end()));
 
     return result;
 }
 
 UniValue getdescriptorinfo(const Config &config,
                            const JSONRPCRequest &request) {
     RPCHelpMan{
         "getdescriptorinfo",
         {"\nAnalyses a descriptor.\n"},
         {
             {"descriptor", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO,
              "The descriptor."},
         },
         RPCResult{"{\n"
                   "  \"descriptor\" : \"desc\",         (string) The "
                   "descriptor in canonical form, without private keys\n"
                   "  \"checksum\" : \"chksum\",         (string) The checksum "
                   "for the input descriptor\n"
                   "  \"isrange\" : true|false,        (boolean) Whether the "
                   "descriptor is ranged\n"
                   "  \"issolvable\" : true|false,     (boolean) Whether the "
                   "descriptor is solvable\n"
                   "  \"hasprivatekeys\" : true|false, (boolean) Whether the "
                   "input descriptor contained at least one private key\n"
                   "}\n"},
         RPCExamples{"Analyse a descriptor\n" +
                     HelpExampleCli("getdescriptorinfo",
                                    "\"pkh([d34db33f/84h/0h/"
                                    "0h]"
                                    "0279be667ef9dcbbac55a06295Ce870b07029Bfcdb2"
                                    "dce28d959f2815b16f81798)\"")}}
         .Check(request);
 
     RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VSTR});
 
     FlatSigningProvider provider;
     auto desc = Parse(request.params[0].get_str(), provider);
     if (!desc) {
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY,
                            strprintf("Invalid descriptor"));
     }
 
     UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
     result.pushKV("descriptor", desc->ToString());
     result.pushKV("checksum",
                   GetDescriptorChecksum(request.params[0].get_str()));
     result.pushKV("isrange", desc->IsRange());
     result.pushKV("issolvable", desc->IsSolvable());
     result.pushKV("hasprivatekeys", provider.keys.size() > 0);
     return result;
 }
 
 UniValue deriveaddresses(const Config &config, const JSONRPCRequest &request) {
     RPCHelpMan{
         "deriveaddresses",
         {"\nDerives one or more addresses corresponding to an output "
          "descriptor.\n"
          "Examples of output descriptors are:\n"
          "    pkh(<pubkey>)                        P2PKH outputs for the given "
          "pubkey\n"
          "    sh(multi(<n>,<pubkey>,<pubkey>,...)) P2SH-multisig outputs for "
          "the given threshold and pubkeys\n"
          "    raw(<hex script>)                    Outputs whose scriptPubKey "
          "equals the specified hex scripts\n"
          "\nIn the above, <pubkey> either refers to a fixed public key in "
          "hexadecimal notation, or to an xpub/xprv optionally followed by one\n"
          "or more path elements separated by \"/\", where \"h\" represents a "
          "hardened child key.\n"
          "For more information on output descriptors, see the documentation in "
          "the doc/descriptors.md file.\n"},
         {
             {"descriptor", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO,
              "The descriptor."},
             {"range", RPCArg::Type::RANGE, RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED_NAMED_ARG,
              "If a ranged descriptor is used, this specifies the end or the "
              "range (in [begin,end] notation) to derive."},
         },
         RPCResult{"[ address ] (array) the derived addresses\n"},
         RPCExamples{"First three pkh receive addresses\n" +
                     HelpExampleCli(
                         "deriveaddresses",
                         "\"pkh([d34db33f/84h/0h/0h]"
                         "xpub6DJ2dNUysrn5Vt36jH2KLBT2i1auw1tTSSomg8P"
                         "hqNiUtx8QX2SvC9nrHu81fT41fvDUnhMjEzQgXnQjKE"
                         "u3oaqMSzhSrHMxyyoEAmUHQbY/0/*)#3vhfv5h5\" \"[0,2]\"")}}
         .Check(request);
 
     // Range argument is checked later
     RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VSTR, UniValueType()});
     const std::string desc_str = request.params[0].get_str();
 
     int64_t range_begin = 0;
     int64_t range_end = 0;
 
     if (request.params.size() >= 2 && !request.params[1].isNull()) {
         std::tie(range_begin, range_end) =
             ParseDescriptorRange(request.params[1]);
     }
 
-    FlatSigningProvider provider;
-    auto desc = Parse(desc_str, provider, /* require_checksum = */ true);
+    FlatSigningProvider key_provider;
+    auto desc = Parse(desc_str, key_provider, /* require_checksum = */ true);
     if (!desc) {
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY,
                            strprintf("Invalid descriptor"));
     }
 
     if (!desc->IsRange() && request.params.size() > 1) {
         throw JSONRPCError(
             RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER,
             "Range should not be specified for an un-ranged descriptor");
     }
 
     if (desc->IsRange() && request.params.size() == 1) {
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER,
                            "Range must be specified for a ranged descriptor");
     }
 
     UniValue addresses(UniValue::VARR);
 
     for (int i = range_begin; i <= range_end; ++i) {
+        FlatSigningProvider provider;
         std::vector<CScript> scripts;
-        if (!desc->Expand(i, provider, scripts, provider)) {
+        if (!desc->Expand(i, key_provider, scripts, provider)) {
             throw JSONRPCError(
                 RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY,
                 strprintf("Cannot derive script without private keys"));
         }
 
         for (const CScript &script : scripts) {
             CTxDestination dest;
             if (!ExtractDestination(script, dest)) {
                 throw JSONRPCError(
                     RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY,
                     strprintf(
                         "Descriptor does not have a corresponding address"));
             }
 
             addresses.push_back(EncodeDestination(dest, config));
         }
     }
 
     // This should not be possible, but an assert seems overkill:
     if (addresses.empty()) {
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_MISC_ERROR, "Unexpected empty result");
     }
 
     return addresses;
 }
 
 static UniValue verifymessage(const Config &config,
                               const JSONRPCRequest &request) {
     RPCHelpMan{
         "verifymessage",
         "\nVerify a signed message\n",
         {
             {"address", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO,
              "The bitcoin address to use for the signature."},
             {"signature", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO,
              "The signature provided by the signer in base 64 encoding (see "
              "signmessage)."},
             {"message", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO,
              "The message that was signed."},
         },
         RPCResult{"true|false   (boolean) If the signature is verified or "
                   "not.\n"},
         RPCExamples{
             "\nUnlock the wallet for 30 seconds\n" +
             HelpExampleCli("walletpassphrase", "\"mypassphrase\" 30") +
             "\nCreate the signature\n" +
             HelpExampleCli(
                 "signmessage",
                 "\"1D1ZrZNe3JUo7ZycKEYQQiQAWd9y54F4XX\" \"my message\"") +
             "\nVerify the signature\n" +
             HelpExampleCli("verifymessage", "\"1D1ZrZNe3JUo7ZycKEYQQiQAWd9y54F4"
                                             "XX\" \"signature\" \"my "
                                             "message\"") +
             "\nAs a JSON-RPC call\n" +
             HelpExampleRpc("verifymessage", "\"1D1ZrZNe3JUo7ZycKEYQQiQAWd9y54F4"
                                             "XX\", \"signature\", \"my "
                                             "message\"")},
     }
         .Check(request);
 
     LOCK(cs_main);
 
     std::string strAddress = request.params[0].get_str();
     std::string strSign = request.params[1].get_str();
     std::string strMessage = request.params[2].get_str();
 
     CTxDestination destination =
         DecodeDestination(strAddress, config.GetChainParams());
     if (!IsValidDestination(destination)) {
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_TYPE_ERROR, "Invalid address");
     }
 
     const PKHash *pkhash = boost::get<PKHash>(&destination);
     if (!pkhash) {
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_TYPE_ERROR, "Address does not refer to key");
     }
 
     bool fInvalid = false;
     std::vector<uint8_t> vchSig = DecodeBase64(strSign.c_str(), &fInvalid);
 
     if (fInvalid) {
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY,
                            "Malformed base64 encoding");
     }
 
     CHashWriter ss(SER_GETHASH, 0);
     ss << strMessageMagic;
     ss << strMessage;
 
     CPubKey pubkey;
     if (!pubkey.RecoverCompact(ss.GetHash(), vchSig)) {
         return false;
     }
 
     return (pubkey.GetID() == *pkhash);
 }
 
 static UniValue signmessagewithprivkey(const Config &config,
                                        const JSONRPCRequest &request) {
     RPCHelpMan{
         "signmessagewithprivkey",
         "\nSign a message with the private key of an address\n",
         {
             {"privkey", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO,
              "The private key to sign the message with."},
             {"message", RPCArg::Type::STR, RPCArg::Optional::NO,
              "The message to create a signature of."},
         },
         RPCResult{"\"signature\"          (string) The signature of the "
                   "message encoded in base 64\n"},
         RPCExamples{"\nCreate the signature\n" +
                     HelpExampleCli("signmessagewithprivkey",
                                    "\"privkey\" \"my message\"") +
                     "\nVerify the signature\n" +
                     HelpExampleCli("verifymessage",
                                    "\"1D1ZrZNe3JUo7ZycKEYQQiQAWd9y54F4XX\" "
                                    "\"signature\" \"my message\"") +
                     "\nAs a JSON-RPC call\n" +
                     HelpExampleRpc("signmessagewithprivkey",
                                    "\"privkey\", \"my message\"")},
     }
         .Check(request);
 
     std::string strPrivkey = request.params[0].get_str();
     std::string strMessage = request.params[1].get_str();
 
     CKey key = DecodeSecret(strPrivkey);
     if (!key.IsValid()) {
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "Invalid private key");
     }
 
     CHashWriter ss(SER_GETHASH, 0);
     ss << strMessageMagic;
     ss << strMessage;
 
     std::vector<uint8_t> vchSig;
     if (!key.SignCompact(ss.GetHash(), vchSig)) {
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_ADDRESS_OR_KEY, "Sign failed");
     }
 
     return EncodeBase64(vchSig.data(), vchSig.size());
 }
 
 static UniValue setmocktime(const Config &config,
                             const JSONRPCRequest &request) {
     RPCHelpMan{
         "setmocktime",
         "\nSet the local time to given timestamp (-regtest only)\n",
         {
             {"timestamp", RPCArg::Type::NUM, RPCArg::Optional::NO,
              "Unix seconds-since-epoch timestamp\n"
              "   Pass 0 to go back to using the system time."},
         },
         RPCResults{},
         RPCExamples{""},
     }
         .Check(request);
 
     if (!config.GetChainParams().MineBlocksOnDemand()) {
         throw std::runtime_error(
             "setmocktime for regression testing (-regtest mode) only");
     }
 
     // For now, don't change mocktime if we're in the middle of validation, as
     // this could have an effect on mempool time-based eviction, as well as
     // IsInitialBlockDownload().
     // TODO: figure out the right way to synchronize around mocktime, and
     // ensure all call sites of GetTime() are accessing this safely.
     LOCK(cs_main);
 
     RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VNUM});
     int64_t mockTime = request.params[0].get_int64();
     if (mockTime < 0) {
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER,
                            "Timestamp must be 0 or greater");
     }
     SetMockTime(mockTime);
 
     return NullUniValue;
 }
 
 static UniValue mockscheduler(const Config &config,
                               const JSONRPCRequest &request) {
     RPCHelpMan{
         "mockscheduler",
         "\nBump the scheduler into the future (-regtest only)\n",
         {
             {"delta_time", RPCArg::Type::NUM, RPCArg::Optional::NO,
              "Number of seconds to forward the scheduler into the future."},
         },
         RPCResults{},
         RPCExamples{""},
     }
         .Check(request);
 
     if (!Params().IsMockableChain()) {
         throw std::runtime_error(
             "mockscheduler is for regression testing (-regtest mode) only");
     }
 
     // check params are valid values
     RPCTypeCheck(request.params, {UniValue::VNUM});
     int64_t delta_seconds = request.params[0].get_int64();
     if ((delta_seconds <= 0) || (delta_seconds > 3600)) {
         throw std::runtime_error(
             "delta_time must be between 1 and 3600 seconds (1 hr)");
     }
 
     // protect against null pointer dereference
     CHECK_NONFATAL(g_rpc_node);
     CHECK_NONFATAL(g_rpc_node->scheduler);
     g_rpc_node->scheduler->MockForward(std::chrono::seconds(delta_seconds));
 
     return NullUniValue;
 }
 
 static UniValue RPCLockedMemoryInfo() {
     LockedPool::Stats stats = LockedPoolManager::Instance().stats();
     UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
     obj.pushKV("used", uint64_t(stats.used));
     obj.pushKV("free", uint64_t(stats.free));
     obj.pushKV("total", uint64_t(stats.total));
     obj.pushKV("locked", uint64_t(stats.locked));
     obj.pushKV("chunks_used", uint64_t(stats.chunks_used));
     obj.pushKV("chunks_free", uint64_t(stats.chunks_free));
     return obj;
 }
 
 #ifdef HAVE_MALLOC_INFO
 static std::string RPCMallocInfo() {
     char *ptr = nullptr;
     size_t size = 0;
     FILE *f = open_memstream(&ptr, &size);
     if (f) {
         malloc_info(0, f);
         fclose(f);
         if (ptr) {
             std::string rv(ptr, size);
             free(ptr);
             return rv;
         }
     }
     return "";
 }
 #endif
 
 static UniValue getmemoryinfo(const Config &config,
                               const JSONRPCRequest &request) {
     /* Please, avoid using the word "pool" here in the RPC interface or help,
      * as users will undoubtedly confuse it with the other "memory pool"
      */
     RPCHelpMan{
         "getmemoryinfo",
         "Returns an object containing information about memory usage.\n",
         {
             {"mode", RPCArg::Type::STR, /* default */ "\"stats\"",
              "determines what kind of information is returned.\n"
              "  - \"stats\" returns general statistics about memory usage in "
              "the daemon.\n"
              "  - \"mallocinfo\" returns an XML string describing low-level "
              "heap state (only available if compiled with glibc 2.10+)."},
         },
         {
             RPCResult{
                 "mode \"stats\"",
                 "{\n"
                 "  \"locked\": {               (json object) Information about "
                 "locked memory manager\n"
                 "    \"used\": xxxxx,          (numeric) Number of bytes used\n"
                 "    \"free\": xxxxx,          (numeric) Number of bytes "
                 "available in current arenas\n"
                 "    \"total\": xxxxxxx,       (numeric) Total number of bytes "
                 "managed\n"
                 "    \"locked\": xxxxxx,       (numeric) Amount of bytes that "
                 "succeeded locking. If this number is smaller than total, "
                 "locking pages failed at some point and key data could be "
                 "swapped to disk.\n"
                 "    \"chunks_used\": xxxxx,   (numeric) Number allocated "
                 "chunks\n"
                 "    \"chunks_free\": xxxxx,   (numeric) Number unused chunks\n"
                 "  }\n"
                 "}\n"},
             RPCResult{"mode \"mallocinfo\"", "\"<malloc version=\"1\">...\"\n"},
         },
         RPCExamples{HelpExampleCli("getmemoryinfo", "") +
                     HelpExampleRpc("getmemoryinfo", "")},
     }
         .Check(request);
 
     std::string mode =
         request.params[0].isNull() ? "stats" : request.params[0].get_str();
     if (mode == "stats") {
         UniValue obj(UniValue::VOBJ);
         obj.pushKV("locked", RPCLockedMemoryInfo());
         return obj;
     } else if (mode == "mallocinfo") {
 #ifdef HAVE_MALLOC_INFO
         return RPCMallocInfo();
 #else
         throw JSONRPCError(
             RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER,
             "mallocinfo is only available when compiled with glibc 2.10+");
 #endif
     } else {
         throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER, "unknown mode " + mode);
     }
 }
 
 static void EnableOrDisableLogCategories(UniValue cats, bool enable) {
     cats = cats.get_array();
     for (size_t i = 0; i < cats.size(); ++i) {
         std::string cat = cats[i].get_str();
 
         bool success;
         if (enable) {
             success = LogInstance().EnableCategory(cat);
         } else {
             success = LogInstance().DisableCategory(cat);
         }
 
         if (!success) {
             throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER,
                                "unknown logging category " + cat);
         }
     }
 }
 
 static UniValue logging(const Config &config, const JSONRPCRequest &request) {
     RPCHelpMan{
         "logging",
         "Gets and sets the logging configuration.\n"
         "When called without an argument, returns the list of categories with "
         "status that are currently being debug logged or not.\n"
         "When called with arguments, adds or removes categories from debug "
         "logging and return the lists above.\n"
         "The arguments are evaluated in order \"include\", \"exclude\".\n"
         "If an item is both included and excluded, it will thus end up being "
         "excluded.\n"
         "The valid logging categories are: " +
             ListLogCategories() +
             "\n"
             "In addition, the following are available as category names with "
             "special meanings:\n"
             "  - \"all\",  \"1\" : represent all logging categories.\n"
             "  - \"none\", \"0\" : even if other logging categories are "
             "specified, ignore all of them.\n",
         {
             {"include",
              RPCArg::Type::ARR,
              RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED_NAMED_ARG,
              "A json array of categories to add debug logging",
              {
                  {"include_category", RPCArg::Type::STR,
                   RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "the valid logging category"},
              }},
             {"exclude",
              RPCArg::Type::ARR,
              RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED_NAMED_ARG,
              "A json array of categories to remove debug logging",
              {
                  {"exclude_category", RPCArg::Type::STR,
                   RPCArg::Optional::OMITTED, "the valid logging category"},
              }},
         },
         RPCResult{"{                   (json object where keys are the logging "
                   "categories, and values indicates its status\n"
                   "  \"category\": 0|1,  (numeric) if being debug logged "
                   "or not. 0:inactive, 1:active\n"
                   "  ...\n"
                   "}\n"},
         RPCExamples{
             HelpExampleCli("logging", "\"[\\\"all\\\"]\" \"[\\\"http\\\"]\"") +
             HelpExampleRpc("logging", "[\"all\"], \"[libevent]\"")},
     }
         .Check(request);
 
     uint32_t original_log_categories = LogInstance().GetCategoryMask();
     if (request.params[0].isArray()) {
         EnableOrDisableLogCategories(request.params[0], true);
     }
 
     if (request.params[1].isArray()) {
         EnableOrDisableLogCategories(request.params[1], false);
     }
 
     uint32_t updated_log_categories = LogInstance().GetCategoryMask();
     uint32_t changed_log_categories =
         original_log_categories ^ updated_log_categories;
 
     /**
      * Update libevent logging if BCLog::LIBEVENT has changed.
      * If the library version doesn't allow it, UpdateHTTPServerLogging()
      * returns false, in which case we should clear the BCLog::LIBEVENT flag.
      * Throw an error if the user has explicitly asked to change only the
      * libevent flag and it failed.
      */
     if (changed_log_categories & BCLog::LIBEVENT) {
         if (!UpdateHTTPServerLogging(
                 LogInstance().WillLogCategory(BCLog::LIBEVENT))) {
             LogInstance().DisableCategory(BCLog::LIBEVENT);
             if (changed_log_categories == BCLog::LIBEVENT) {
                 throw JSONRPCError(RPC_INVALID_PARAMETER,
                                    "libevent logging cannot be updated when "
                                    "using libevent before v2.1.1.");
             }
         }
     }
 
     UniValue result(UniValue::VOBJ);
     std::vector<CLogCategoryActive> vLogCatActive = ListActiveLogCategories();
     for (const auto &logCatActive : vLogCatActive) {
         result.pushKV(logCatActive.category, logCatActive.active);
     }
 
     return result;
 }
 
 static UniValue echo(const Config &config, const JSONRPCRequest &request) {
     if (request.fHelp) {
         throw std::runtime_error(RPCHelpMan{
             "echo|echojson ...",
             "\nSimply echo back the input arguments. This command is for "
             "testing.\n"
             "\nThe difference between echo and echojson is that echojson has "
             "argument conversion enabled in the client-side table in "
             "bitcoin-cli and the GUI. There is no server-side difference.",
             {},
             RPCResults{},
             RPCExamples{""},
         }
                                      .ToString());
     }
 
     CHECK_NONFATAL(request.params.size() != 100);
 
     return request.params;
 }
 
 // clang-format off
 static const CRPCCommand commands[] = {
     //  category            name                      actor (function)        argNames
     //  ------------------- ------------------------  ----------------------  ----------
     { "control",            "getmemoryinfo",          getmemoryinfo,          {"mode"} },
     { "control",            "logging",                logging,                {"include", "exclude"} },
     { "util",               "validateaddress",        validateaddress,        {"address"} },
     { "util",               "createmultisig",         createmultisig,         {"nrequired","keys"} },
     { "util",               "deriveaddresses",        deriveaddresses,        {"descriptor", "begin", "end"} },
     { "util",               "getdescriptorinfo",      getdescriptorinfo,      {"descriptor"} },
     { "util",               "verifymessage",          verifymessage,          {"address","signature","message"} },
     { "util",               "signmessagewithprivkey", signmessagewithprivkey, {"privkey","message"} },
     /* Not shown in help */
     { "hidden",             "setmocktime",            setmocktime,            {"timestamp"}},
     { "hidden",             "mockscheduler",          mockscheduler,          {"delta_time"}},
     { "hidden",             "echo",                   echo,                   {"arg0","arg1","arg2","arg3","arg4","arg5","arg6","arg7","arg8","arg9"}},
     { "hidden",             "echojson",               echo,                   {"arg0","arg1","arg2","arg3","arg4","arg5","arg6","arg7","arg8","arg9"}},
 };
 // clang-format on
 
 void RegisterMiscRPCCommands(CRPCTable &t) {
     for (unsigned int vcidx = 0; vcidx < ARRAYLEN(commands); vcidx++) {
         t.appendCommand(commands[vcidx].name, &commands[vcidx]);
     }
 }