diff --git a/contrib/zmq/zmq_sub27.py b/contrib/zmq/zmq_sub27.py
index cf307e39b3..15a1ad971a 100755
--- a/contrib/zmq/zmq_sub27.py
+++ b/contrib/zmq/zmq_sub27.py
@@ -1,43 +1,43 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python2
 # Copyright (c) 2014-2016 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 
 import binascii
 import zmq
 import struct
 
 port = 28332
 
 zmqContext = zmq.Context()
 zmqSubSocket = zmqContext.socket(zmq.SUB)
 zmqSubSocket.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, "hashblock")
 zmqSubSocket.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, "hashtx")
 zmqSubSocket.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, "rawblock")
 zmqSubSocket.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, "rawtx")
-zmqSubSocket.connect("tcp://127.0.0.1:%i" % port)
+zmqSubSocket.connect("tcp://127.0.0.1:{}".format(port))
 
 try:
     while True:
         msg = zmqSubSocket.recv_multipart()
         topic = str(msg[0])
         body = msg[1]
         sequence = "Unknown"
         if len(msg[-1]) == 4:
             msgSequence = struct.unpack('<I', msg[-1])[-1]
             sequence = str(msgSequence)
         if topic == "hashblock":
             print '- HASH BLOCK (' + sequence + ') -'
             print binascii.hexlify(body)
         elif topic == "hashtx":
             print '- HASH TX  (' + sequence + ') -'
             print binascii.hexlify(body)
         elif topic == "rawblock":
             print '- RAW BLOCK HEADER (' + sequence + ') -'
             print binascii.hexlify(body[:80])
         elif topic == "rawtx":
             print '- RAW TX (' + sequence + ') -'
             print binascii.hexlify(body)
 
 except KeyboardInterrupt:
     zmqContext.destroy()
diff --git a/share/qt/extract_strings_qt.py b/share/qt/extract_strings_qt.py
index 8dee47a64c..3c6343c521 100755
--- a/share/qt/extract_strings_qt.py
+++ b/share/qt/extract_strings_qt.py
@@ -1,97 +1,94 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # Copyright (c) 2012-2016 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 '''
 Extract _("...") strings for translation and convert to Qt stringdefs so that
 they can be picked up by Qt linguist.
 '''
 from __future__ import division, print_function, unicode_literals
 from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
 import operator
 import os
 import sys
 
 OUT_CPP = "qt/bitcoinstrings.cpp"
 EMPTY = ['""']
 
 
 def parse_po(text):
     """
     Parse 'po' format produced by xgettext.
     Return a list of (msgid,msgstr) tuples.
     """
     messages = []
     msgid = []
     msgstr = []
     in_msgid = False
     in_msgstr = False
 
     for line in text.split('\n'):
         line = line.rstrip('\r')
         if line.startswith('msgid '):
             if in_msgstr:
                 messages.append((msgid, msgstr))
                 in_msgstr = False
             # message start
             in_msgid = True
 
             msgid = [line[6:]]
         elif line.startswith('msgstr '):
             in_msgid = False
             in_msgstr = True
             msgstr = [line[7:]]
         elif line.startswith('"'):
             if in_msgid:
                 msgid.append(line)
             if in_msgstr:
                 msgstr.append(line)
 
     if in_msgstr:
         messages.append((msgid, msgstr))
 
     return messages
 
 
 files = sys.argv[1:]
 
 # xgettext -n --keyword=_ $FILES
 XGETTEXT = os.getenv('XGETTEXT', 'xgettext')
 if not XGETTEXT:
     print('Cannot extract strings: xgettext utility is not installed or not configured.', file=sys.stderr)
     print('Please install package "gettext" and re-run \'./configure\'.',
           file=sys.stderr)
     sys.exit(1)
 child = Popen([XGETTEXT, '--output=-', '-n',
                '--keyword=_'] + files, stdout=PIPE)
 (out, err) = child.communicate()
 
 messages = parse_po(out.decode('utf-8'))
 
 f = open(OUT_CPP, 'w')
 f.write("""
 
 #include <QtGlobal>
 
 // Automatically generated by extract_strings_qt.py
 #ifdef __GNUC__
 #define UNUSED __attribute__((unused))
 #else
 #define UNUSED
 #endif
 """)
 f.write('static const char UNUSED *bitcoin_strings[] = {\n')
-f.write('QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("bitcoin-core", "%s"),\n' %
-        (os.getenv('PACKAGE_NAME'),))
-f.write('QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("bitcoin-core", "%s"),\n' %
-        (os.getenv('COPYRIGHT_HOLDERS'),))
+f.write('QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("bitcoin-core", "{}"),\n'.format((os.getenv('PACKAGE_NAME'),)))
+f.write('QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("bitcoin-core", "{}"),\n'.format((os.getenv('COPYRIGHT_HOLDERS'),)))
 if os.getenv('COPYRIGHT_HOLDERS_SUBSTITUTION') != os.getenv('PACKAGE_NAME'):
-    f.write('QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("bitcoin-core", "%s"),\n' %
-            (os.getenv('COPYRIGHT_HOLDERS_SUBSTITUTION'),))
+    f.write('QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("bitcoin-core", "{}"),\n'.format(
+        (os.getenv('COPYRIGHT_HOLDERS_SUBSTITUTION'),)))
 messages.sort(key=operator.itemgetter(0))
 for (msgid, msgstr) in messages:
     if msgid != EMPTY:
-        f.write('QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("bitcoin-core", %s),\n' %
-                ('\n'.join(msgid)))
+        f.write('QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("bitcoin-core", {}),\n'.format('\n'.join(msgid)))
 f.write('};\n')
 f.close()
diff --git a/test/functional/combine_logs.py b/test/functional/combine_logs.py
index 9fe57d1723..17e6377fc8 100755
--- a/test/functional/combine_logs.py
+++ b/test/functional/combine_logs.py
@@ -1,124 +1,123 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 """Combine logs from multiple bitcoin nodes as well as the test_framework log.
 
 This streams the combined log output to stdout. Use combine_logs.py > outputfile
 to write to an outputfile."""
 
 import argparse
 from collections import defaultdict, namedtuple
 import heapq
 import itertools
 import os
 import re
 import sys
 
 # Matches on the date format at the start of the log event
 TIMESTAMP_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}T\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}\.\d{6}Z")
 
 LogEvent = namedtuple('LogEvent', ['timestamp', 'source', 'event'])
 
 
 def main():
     """Main function. Parses args, reads the log files and renders them as text or html."""
 
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
         usage='%(prog)s [options] <test temporary directory>', description=__doc__)
     parser.add_argument('-c', '--color', dest='color', action='store_true',
                         help='outputs the combined log with events colored by source (requires posix terminal colors. Use less -r for viewing)')
     parser.add_argument('--html', dest='html', action='store_true',
                         help='outputs the combined log as html. Requires jinja2. pip install jinja2')
     args, unknown_args = parser.parse_known_args()
 
     if args.color and os.name != 'posix':
         print("Color output requires posix terminal colors.")
         sys.exit(1)
 
     if args.html and args.color:
         print("Only one out of --color or --html should be specified")
         sys.exit(1)
 
     # There should only be one unknown argument - the path of the temporary test directory
     if len(unknown_args) != 1:
         print("Unexpected arguments" + str(unknown_args))
         sys.exit(1)
 
     log_events = read_logs(unknown_args[0])
 
     print_logs(log_events, color=args.color, html=args.html)
 
 
 def read_logs(tmp_dir):
     """Reads log files.
 
     Delegates to generator function get_log_events() to provide individual log events
     for each of the input log files."""
 
-    files = [("test", "%s/test_framework.log" % tmp_dir)]
+    files = [("test", "{}/test_framework.log".format(tmp_dir))]
     for i in itertools.count():
         logfile = "{}/node{}/regtest/debug.log".format(tmp_dir, i)
         if not os.path.isfile(logfile):
             break
-        files.append(("node%d" % i, logfile))
+        files.append(("node{}".format(i), logfile))
 
     return heapq.merge(*[get_log_events(source, f) for source, f in files])
 
 
 def get_log_events(source, logfile):
     """Generator function that returns individual log events.
 
     Log events may be split over multiple lines. We use the timestamp
     regex match as the marker for a new log event."""
     try:
         with open(logfile, 'r') as infile:
             event = ''
             timestamp = ''
             for line in infile:
                 # skip blank lines
                 if line == '\n':
                     continue
                 # if this line has a timestamp, it's the start of a new log event.
                 time_match = TIMESTAMP_PATTERN.match(line)
                 if time_match:
                     if event:
                         yield LogEvent(timestamp=timestamp, source=source, event=event.rstrip())
                     event = line
                     timestamp = time_match.group()
                 # if it doesn't have a timestamp, it's a continuation line of the previous log.
                 else:
                     event += "\n" + line
             # Flush the final event
             yield LogEvent(timestamp=timestamp, source=source, event=event.rstrip())
     except FileNotFoundError:
-        print("File %s could not be opened. Continuing without it." %
-              logfile, file=sys.stderr)
+        print("File {} could not be opened. Continuing without it.".format(logfile), file=sys.stderr)
 
 
 def print_logs(log_events, color=False, html=False):
     """Renders the iterator of log events into text or html."""
     if not html:
         colors = defaultdict(lambda: '')
         if color:
             colors["test"] = "\033[0;36m"   # CYAN
             colors["node0"] = "\033[0;34m"  # BLUE
             colors["node1"] = "\033[0;32m"  # GREEN
             colors["node2"] = "\033[0;31m"  # RED
             colors["node3"] = "\033[0;33m"  # YELLOW
             colors["reset"] = "\033[0m"     # Reset font color
 
         for event in log_events:
             print("{0} {1: <5} {2} {3}".format(
                 colors[event.source.rstrip()], event.source, event.event, colors["reset"]))
 
     else:
         try:
             import jinja2
         except ImportError:
             print("jinja2 not found. Try `pip install jinja2`")
             sys.exit(1)
         print(jinja2.Environment(loader=jinja2.FileSystemLoader('./'))
                     .get_template('combined_log_template.html')
                     .render(title="Combined Logs from testcase", log_events=[event._asdict() for event in log_events]))
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     main()
diff --git a/test/functional/test_runner.py b/test/functional/test_runner.py
index bc6687472b..4894ad6a52 100755
--- a/test/functional/test_runner.py
+++ b/test/functional/test_runner.py
@@ -1,720 +1,722 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2014-2016 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Copyright (c) 2017 The Bitcoin developers
 # Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 """Run regression test suite.
 
 This module calls down into individual test cases via subprocess. It will
 forward all unrecognized arguments onto the individual test scripts.
 
 Functional tests are disabled on Windows by default. Use --force to run them anyway.
 
 For a description of arguments recognized by test scripts, see
 `test/functional/test_framework/test_framework.py:BitcoinTestFramework.main`.
 
 """
 
 import argparse
 import configparser
 import datetime
 import os
 import time
 import shutil
 import sys
 import subprocess
 import tempfile
 import re
 import logging
 import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
 import json
 import threading
 import multiprocessing
 from queue import Queue, Empty
 
 # Formatting. Default colors to empty strings.
 BOLD, BLUE, RED, GREY = ("", ""), ("", ""), ("", ""), ("", "")
 try:
     # Make sure python thinks it can write unicode to its stdout
     "\u2713".encode("utf_8").decode(sys.stdout.encoding)
     TICK = "✓ "
     CROSS = "✖ "
     CIRCLE = "○ "
 except UnicodeDecodeError:
     TICK = "P "
     CROSS = "x "
     CIRCLE = "o "
 
 if os.name == 'posix':
     # primitive formatting on supported
     # terminal via ANSI escape sequences:
     BOLD = ('\033[0m', '\033[1m')
     BLUE = ('\033[0m', '\033[0;34m')
     RED = ('\033[0m', '\033[0;31m')
     GREY = ('\033[0m', '\033[1;30m')
 
 TEST_EXIT_PASSED = 0
 TEST_EXIT_SKIPPED = 77
 
 NON_SCRIPTS = [
     # These are python files that live in the functional tests directory, but are not test scripts.
     "combine_logs.py",
     "create_cache.py",
     "test_runner.py",
 ]
 
 TEST_PARAMS = {
     # Some test can be run with additional parameters.
     # When a test is listed here, the it  will be run without parameters
     # as well as with additional parameters listed here.
     # This:
     #    example "testName" : [["--param1", "--param2"] , ["--param3"]]
     # will run the test 3 times:
     #    testName
     #    testName --param1 --param2
     #    testname --param3
     "wallet_txn_doublespend.py": [["--mineblock"]],
     "wallet_txn_clone.py": [["--mineblock"]],
     "wallet_multiwallet.py": [["--usecli"]],
 }
 
 # Used to limit the number of tests, when list of tests is not provided on command line
 # When --extended is specified, we run all tests, otherwise
 # we only run a test if its execution time in seconds does not exceed EXTENDED_CUTOFF
 DEFAULT_EXTENDED_CUTOFF = 40
 DEFAULT_JOBS = (multiprocessing.cpu_count() // 3) + 1
 
 
 class TestCase():
     """
     Data structure to hold and run information necessary to launch a test case.
     """
 
     def __init__(self, test_num, test_case, tests_dir, tmpdir, flags=None):
         self.tests_dir = tests_dir
         self.tmpdir = tmpdir
         self.test_case = test_case
         self.test_num = test_num
         self.flags = flags
 
     def run(self, portseed_offset):
         t = self.test_case
         portseed = self.test_num + portseed_offset
         portseed_arg = ["--portseed={}".format(portseed)]
         log_stdout = tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile(max_size=2**16)
         log_stderr = tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile(max_size=2**16)
         test_argv = t.split()
-        tmpdir = [os.path.join("--tmpdir=%s", "%s_%s") %
-                  (self.tmpdir, re.sub(".py$", "", t), portseed)]
+        tmpdir = [os.path.join("--tmpdir={}", "{}_{}").format(
+                  self.tmpdir, re.sub(".py$", "", t), portseed)]
         name = t
         time0 = time.time()
         process = subprocess.Popen([os.path.join(self.tests_dir, test_argv[0])] + test_argv[1:] + self.flags + portseed_arg + tmpdir,
                                    universal_newlines=True,
                                    stdout=log_stdout,
                                    stderr=log_stderr)
 
         process.wait()
         log_stdout.seek(0), log_stderr.seek(0)
         [stdout, stderr] = [l.read().decode('utf-8')
                             for l in (log_stdout, log_stderr)]
         log_stdout.close(), log_stderr.close()
         if process.returncode == TEST_EXIT_PASSED and stderr == "":
             status = "Passed"
         elif process.returncode == TEST_EXIT_SKIPPED:
             status = "Skipped"
         else:
             status = "Failed"
 
         return TestResult(name, status, int(time.time() - time0), stdout, stderr)
 
 
 def on_ci():
     return os.getenv('TRAVIS') == 'true' or os.getenv('TEAMCITY_VERSION') != None
 
 
 def main():
     # Read config generated by configure.
     config = configparser.ConfigParser()
     configfile = os.path.join(os.path.abspath(
         os.path.dirname(__file__)), "..", "config.ini")
     config.read_file(open(configfile))
 
     src_dir = config["environment"]["SRCDIR"]
     build_dir = config["environment"]["BUILDDIR"]
     tests_dir = os.path.join(src_dir, 'test', 'functional')
 
     # Parse arguments and pass through unrecognised args
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(add_help=False,
                                      usage='%(prog)s [test_runner.py options] [script options] [scripts]',
                                      description=__doc__,
                                      epilog='''
     Help text and arguments for individual test script:''',
                                      formatter_class=argparse.RawTextHelpFormatter)
     parser.add_argument('--coverage', action='store_true',
                         help='generate a basic coverage report for the RPC interface')
     parser.add_argument(
         '--exclude', '-x', help='specify a comma-seperated-list of scripts to exclude. Do not include the .py extension in the name.')
     parser.add_argument('--extended', action='store_true',
                         help='run the extended test suite in addition to the basic tests')
     parser.add_argument('--cutoff', type=int, default=DEFAULT_EXTENDED_CUTOFF,
                         help='set the cutoff runtime for what tests get run')
     parser.add_argument('--force', '-f', action='store_true',
                         help='run tests even on platforms where they are disabled by default (e.g. windows).')
     parser.add_argument('--help', '-h', '-?',
                         action='store_true', help='print help text and exit')
     parser.add_argument('--jobs', '-j', type=int, default=DEFAULT_JOBS,
                         help='how many test scripts to run in parallel. Default=4.')
     parser.add_argument('--keepcache', '-k', action='store_true',
                         help='the default behavior is to flush the cache directory on startup. --keepcache retains the cache from the previous testrun.')
     parser.add_argument('--quiet', '-q', action='store_true',
                         help='only print results summary and failure logs')
     parser.add_argument('--tmpdirprefix', '-t',
                         default=tempfile.gettempdir(), help="Root directory for datadirs")
     parser.add_argument('--junitouput', '-ju',
                         default=os.path.join(build_dir, 'junit_results.xml'), help="file that will store JUnit formated test results.")
 
     args, unknown_args = parser.parse_known_args()
 
     # Create a set to store arguments and create the passon string
     tests = set(arg for arg in unknown_args if arg[:2] != "--")
     passon_args = [arg for arg in unknown_args if arg[:2] == "--"]
-    passon_args.append("--configfile=%s" % configfile)
+    passon_args.append("--configfile={}".format(configfile))
 
     # Set up logging
     logging_level = logging.INFO if args.quiet else logging.DEBUG
     logging.basicConfig(format='%(message)s', level=logging_level)
 
     # Create base test directory
-    tmpdir = os.path.join("%s", "bitcoin_test_runner_%s") % (
-        args.tmpdirprefix, datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"))
+    tmpdir = os.path.join("{}", "bitcoin_test_runner_{:%Y%m%d_%H%M%S}").format(
+        args.tmpdirprefix, datetime.datetime.now())
     os.makedirs(tmpdir)
 
-    logging.debug("Temporary test directory at %s" % tmpdir)
+    logging.debug("Temporary test directory at {}".format(tmpdir))
 
     enable_wallet = config["components"].getboolean("ENABLE_WALLET")
     enable_utils = config["components"].getboolean("ENABLE_UTILS")
     enable_bitcoind = config["components"].getboolean("ENABLE_BITCOIND")
 
     if config["environment"]["EXEEXT"] == ".exe" and not args.force:
         # https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/commit/d52802551752140cf41f0d9a225a43e84404d3e9
         # https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/5677#issuecomment-136646964
         print(
             "Tests currently disabled on Windows by default. Use --force option to enable")
         sys.exit(0)
 
     if not (enable_wallet and enable_utils and enable_bitcoind):
         print(
             "No functional tests to run. Wallet, utils, and bitcoind must all be enabled")
         print(
             "Rerun `configure` with -enable-wallet, -with-utils and -with-daemon and rerun make")
         sys.exit(0)
 
     # Build list of tests
     all_scripts = get_all_scripts_from_disk(tests_dir, NON_SCRIPTS)
 
     # Check all tests with parameters actually exist
     for test in TEST_PARAMS:
         if not test in all_scripts:
             print("ERROR: Test with parameter {} does not exist, check it has "
                   "not been renamed or deleted".format(test))
             sys.exit(1)
 
     if tests:
         # Individual tests have been specified. Run specified tests that exist
         # in the all_scripts list. Accept the name with or without .py
         # extension.
         test_list = [t for t in all_scripts if
                      (t in tests or re.sub(".py$", "", t) in tests)]
         cutoff = sys.maxsize  # do not cut off explicitly specified tests
     else:
         # No individual tests have been specified.
         # Run all tests that do not exceed
         test_list = all_scripts
         cutoff = args.cutoff
         if args.extended:
             cutoff = sys.maxsize
 
     # Remove the test cases that the user has explicitly asked to exclude.
     if args.exclude:
         for exclude_test in args.exclude.split(','):
             if exclude_test + ".py" in test_list:
                 test_list.remove(exclude_test + ".py")
 
     # Use and update timings from build_dir only if separate
     # build directory is used. We do not want to pollute source directory.
     build_timings = None
     if (src_dir != build_dir):
         build_timings = Timings(os.path.join(build_dir, 'timing.json'))
 
     # Always use timings from scr_dir if present
     src_timings = Timings(os.path.join(
         src_dir, "test", "functional", 'timing.json'))
 
     # Add test parameters and remove long running tests if needed
     test_list = get_tests_to_run(
         test_list, TEST_PARAMS, cutoff, src_timings, build_timings)
 
     if not test_list:
         print("No valid test scripts specified. Check that your test is in one "
               "of the test lists in test_runner.py, or run test_runner.py with no arguments to run all tests")
         sys.exit(0)
 
     if args.help:
         # Print help for test_runner.py, then print help of the first script
         # and exit.
         parser.print_help()
         subprocess.check_call(
             [os.path.join(tests_dir, test_list[0]), '-h'])
         sys.exit(0)
 
     if not args.keepcache:
         shutil.rmtree(os.path.join(build_dir, "test",
                                    "cache"), ignore_errors=True)
 
     run_tests(test_list, build_dir, tests_dir, args.junitouput,
               config["environment"]["EXEEXT"], tmpdir, args.jobs, args.coverage, passon_args, build_timings)
 
 
 def run_tests(test_list, build_dir, tests_dir, junitouput, exeext, tmpdir, num_jobs, enable_coverage=False, args=[], build_timings=None):
     # Warn if bitcoind is already running (unix only)
     try:
         pidofOutput = subprocess.check_output(["pidof", "bitcoind"])
         if pidofOutput is not None and pidofOutput != b'':
-            print("%sWARNING!%s There is already a bitcoind process running on this system. Tests may fail unexpectedly due to resource contention!" % (
+            print("{}WARNING!{} There is already a bitcoind process running on this system. Tests may fail unexpectedly due to resource contention!".format(
                 BOLD[1], BOLD[0]))
     except (OSError, subprocess.SubprocessError):
         pass
 
     # Warn if there is a cache directory
     cache_dir = os.path.join(build_dir, "test", "cache")
     if os.path.isdir(cache_dir):
-        print("%sWARNING!%s There is a cache directory here: %s. If tests fail unexpectedly, try deleting the cache directory." % (
+        print("{}WARNING!{} There is a cache directory here: {}. If tests fail unexpectedly, try deleting the cache directory.".format(
             BOLD[1], BOLD[0], cache_dir))
 
     # Set env vars
     if "BITCOIND" not in os.environ:
         os.environ["BITCOIND"] = os.path.join(
             build_dir, 'src', 'bitcoind' + exeext)
         os.environ["BITCOINCLI"] = os.path.join(
             build_dir, 'src', 'bitcoin-cli' + exeext)
 
     flags = [os.path.join("--srcdir={}".format(build_dir), "src")] + args
-    flags.append("--cachedir=%s" % cache_dir)
+    flags.append("--cachedir={}".format(cache_dir))
 
     if enable_coverage:
         coverage = RPCCoverage()
         flags.append(coverage.flag)
-        logging.debug("Initializing coverage directory at %s" % coverage.dir)
+        logging.debug(
+            "Initializing coverage directory at {}".format(coverage.dir))
     else:
         coverage = None
 
     if len(test_list) > 1 and num_jobs > 1:
         # Populate cache
         try:
             subprocess.check_output(
-                [os.path.join(tests_dir, 'create_cache.py')] + flags + [os.path.join("--tmpdir=%s", "cache") % tmpdir])
+                [os.path.join(tests_dir, 'create_cache.py')] + flags + [os.path.join("--tmpdir={}", "cache") .format(tmpdir)])
         except Exception as e:
             print(e.output)
             raise e
 
     # Run Tests
     time0 = time.time()
     test_results = execute_test_processes(
         num_jobs, test_list, tests_dir, tmpdir, flags)
     runtime = int(time.time() - time0)
 
     max_len_name = len(max(test_list, key=len))
     print_results(test_results, max_len_name, runtime)
     save_results_as_junit(test_results, junitouput, runtime)
 
     if (build_timings is not None):
         build_timings.save_timings(test_results)
 
     if coverage:
         coverage.report_rpc_coverage()
 
         logging.debug("Cleaning up coverage data")
         coverage.cleanup()
 
     # Clear up the temp directory if all subdirectories are gone
     if not os.listdir(tmpdir):
         os.rmdir(tmpdir)
 
     all_passed = all(
         map(lambda test_result: test_result.was_successful, test_results))
 
     sys.exit(not all_passed)
 
 
 def execute_test_processes(num_jobs, test_list, tests_dir, tmpdir, flags):
     update_queue = Queue()
     job_queue = Queue()
     test_results = []
     poll_timeout = 10  # seconds
     # In case there is a graveyard of zombie bitcoinds, we can apply a
     # pseudorandom offset to hopefully jump over them.
     # (625 is PORT_RANGE/MAX_NODES)
     portseed_offset = int(time.time() * 1000) % 625
 
     ##
     # Define some helper functions we will need for threading.
     ##
 
     def handle_message(message, running_jobs):
         """
         handle_message handles a single message from handle_test_cases
         """
         if isinstance(message, TestCase):
             running_jobs.add(message.test_case)
             print("{}{}{} started".format(BOLD[1], message.test_case, BOLD[0]))
             return
 
         if isinstance(message, TestResult):
             test_result = message
 
             running_jobs.remove(test_result.name)
             test_results.append(test_result)
 
             if test_result.status == "Passed":
-                print("%s%s%s passed, Duration: %s s" % (
+                print("{}{}{} passed, Duration: {} s".format(
                     BOLD[1], test_result.name, BOLD[0], test_result.time))
             elif test_result.status == "Skipped":
-                print("%s%s%s skipped" %
-                      (BOLD[1], test_result.name, BOLD[0]))
+                print("{}{}{} skipped".format(
+                    BOLD[1], test_result.name, BOLD[0]))
             else:
-                print("%s%s%s failed, Duration: %s s\n" %
-                      (BOLD[1], test_result.name, BOLD[0], test_result.time))
+                print("{}{}{} failed, Duration: {} s\n".format(
+                    BOLD[1], test_result.name, BOLD[0], test_result.time))
                 print(BOLD[1] + 'stdout:' + BOLD[0])
                 print(test_result.stdout)
                 print(BOLD[1] + 'stderr:' + BOLD[0])
                 print(test_result.stderr)
             return
 
         assert False, "we should not be here"
 
     def handle_update_messages():
         """
         handle_update_messages waits for messages to be sent from handle_test_cases via the
         update_queue.  It serializes the results so we can print nice status update messages.
         """
         printed_status = False
         running_jobs = set()
 
         while True:
             message = None
             try:
                 message = update_queue.get(True, poll_timeout)
                 if message is None:
                     break
 
                 # We printed a status message, need to kick to the next line
                 # before printing more.
                 if printed_status:
                     print()
                     printed_status = False
 
                 handle_message(message, running_jobs)
                 update_queue.task_done()
             except Empty as e:
                 if not on_ci():
                     print("Running jobs: {}".format(", ".join(running_jobs)), end="\r")
                     sys.stdout.flush()
                     printed_status = True
 
     def handle_test_cases():
         """
         job_runner represents a single thread that is part of a worker pool.  
         It waits for a test, then executes that test. 
         It also reports start and result messages to handle_update_messages
         """
         while True:
             test = job_queue.get()
             if test is None:
                 break
             # Signal that the test is starting to inform the poor waiting
             # programmer
             update_queue.put(test)
             result = test.run(portseed_offset)
             update_queue.put(result)
             job_queue.task_done()
 
     ##
     # Setup our threads, and start sending tasks
     ##
 
     # Start our result collection thread.
     t = threading.Thread(target=handle_update_messages)
     t.setDaemon(True)
     t.start()
 
     # Start some worker threads
     for j in range(num_jobs):
         t = threading.Thread(target=handle_test_cases)
         t.setDaemon(True)
         t.start()
 
     # Push all our test cases into the job queue.
     for i, t in enumerate(test_list):
         job_queue.put(TestCase(i, t, tests_dir, tmpdir, flags))
 
     # Wait for all the jobs to be completed
     job_queue.join()
 
     # Wait for all the results to be compiled
     update_queue.join()
 
     # Flush our queues so the threads exit
     update_queue.put(None)
     for j in range(num_jobs):
         job_queue.put(None)
 
     return test_results
 
 
 def print_results(test_results, max_len_name, runtime):
-    results = "\n" + BOLD[1] + "%s | %s | %s\n\n" % (
+    results = "\n" + BOLD[1] + "{} | {} | {}\n\n".format(
         "TEST".ljust(max_len_name), "STATUS   ", "DURATION") + BOLD[0]
 
     test_results.sort(key=lambda result: result.name.lower())
     all_passed = True
     time_sum = 0
 
     for test_result in test_results:
         all_passed = all_passed and test_result.was_successful
         time_sum += test_result.time
         test_result.padding = max_len_name
         results += str(test_result)
 
     status = TICK + "Passed" if all_passed else CROSS + "Failed"
-    results += BOLD[1] + "\n%s | %s | %s s (accumulated) \n" % (
+    results += BOLD[1] + "\n{} | {} | {} s (accumulated) \n".format(
         "ALL".ljust(max_len_name), status.ljust(9), time_sum) + BOLD[0]
-    results += "Runtime: %s s\n" % (runtime)
+    results += "Runtime: {} s\n".format(runtime)
     print(results)
 
 
 class TestResult():
     """
     Simple data structure to store test result values and print them properly
     """
 
     def __init__(self, name, status, time, stdout, stderr):
         self.name = name
         self.status = status
         self.time = time
         self.padding = 0
         self.stdout = stdout
         self.stderr = stderr
 
     def __repr__(self):
         if self.status == "Passed":
             color = BLUE
             glyph = TICK
         elif self.status == "Failed":
             color = RED
             glyph = CROSS
         elif self.status == "Skipped":
             color = GREY
             glyph = CIRCLE
 
-        return color[1] + "%s | %s%s | %s s\n" % (self.name.ljust(self.padding), glyph, self.status.ljust(7), self.time) + color[0]
+        return color[1] + "{} | {}{} | {} s\n".format(
+            self.name.ljust(self.padding), glyph, self.status.ljust(7), self.time) + color[0]
 
     @property
     def was_successful(self):
         return self.status != "Failed"
 
 
 def get_all_scripts_from_disk(test_dir, non_scripts):
     """
     Return all available test script from script directory (excluding NON_SCRIPTS)
     """
     python_files = set([t for t in os.listdir(test_dir) if t[-3:] == ".py"])
     return list(python_files - set(non_scripts))
 
 
 def get_tests_to_run(test_list, test_params, cutoff, src_timings, build_timings=None):
     """
     Returns only test that will not run longer that cutoff.
     Long running tests are returned first to favor running tests in parallel
     Timings from build directory override those from src directory
     """
 
     def get_test_time(test):
         if build_timings is not None:
             timing = next(
                 (x['time'] for x in build_timings.existing_timings if x['name'] == test), None)
             if timing is not None:
                 return timing
 
         # try source directory. Return 0 if test is unknown to always run it
         return next(
             (x['time'] for x in src_timings.existing_timings if x['name'] == test), 0)
 
     # Some tests must also be run with additional parameters. Add them to the list.
     tests_with_params = []
     for test_name in test_list:
         # always execute a test without parameters
         tests_with_params.append(test_name)
         params = test_params.get(test_name)
         if params is not None:
             tests_with_params.extend(
                 [test_name + " " + " ".join(p) for p in params])
 
     result = [t for t in tests_with_params if get_test_time(t) <= cutoff]
     result.sort(key=lambda x:  (-get_test_time(x), x))
     return result
 
 
 class RPCCoverage():
     """
     Coverage reporting utilities for test_runner.
 
     Coverage calculation works by having each test script subprocess write
     coverage files into a particular directory. These files contain the RPC
     commands invoked during testing, as well as a complete listing of RPC
     commands per `bitcoin-cli help` (`rpc_interface.txt`).
 
     After all tests complete, the commands run are combined and diff'd against
     the complete list to calculate uncovered RPC commands.
 
     See also: test/functional/test_framework/coverage.py
 
     """
 
     def __init__(self):
         self.dir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix="coverage")
         self.flag = '--coveragedir={}'.format(self.dir)
 
     def report_rpc_coverage(self):
         """
         Print out RPC commands that were unexercised by tests.
 
         """
         uncovered = self._get_uncovered_rpc_commands()
 
         if uncovered:
             print("Uncovered RPC commands:")
             print("".join(("  - {}\n".format(i)) for i in sorted(uncovered)))
         else:
             print("All RPC commands covered.")
 
     def cleanup(self):
         return shutil.rmtree(self.dir)
 
     def _get_uncovered_rpc_commands(self):
         """
         Return a set of currently untested RPC commands.
 
         """
         # This is shared from `test/functional/test-framework/coverage.py`
         reference_filename = 'rpc_interface.txt'
         coverage_file_prefix = 'coverage.'
 
         coverage_ref_filename = os.path.join(self.dir, reference_filename)
         coverage_filenames = set()
         all_cmds = set()
         covered_cmds = set()
 
         if not os.path.isfile(coverage_ref_filename):
             raise RuntimeError("No coverage reference found")
 
         with open(coverage_ref_filename, 'r') as f:
             all_cmds.update([i.strip() for i in f.readlines()])
 
         for root, dirs, files in os.walk(self.dir):
             for filename in files:
                 if filename.startswith(coverage_file_prefix):
                     coverage_filenames.add(os.path.join(root, filename))
 
         for filename in coverage_filenames:
             with open(filename, 'r') as f:
                 covered_cmds.update([i.strip() for i in f.readlines()])
 
         return all_cmds - covered_cmds
 
 
 def save_results_as_junit(test_results, file_name, time):
     """
     Save tests results to file in JUnit format
 
     See http://llg.cubic.org/docs/junit/ for specification of format
     """
     e_test_suite = ET.Element("testsuite",
                               {"name": "bitcoin_abc_tests",
                                "tests": str(len(test_results)),
                                # "errors":
                                "failures": str(len([t for t in test_results if t.status == "Failed"])),
                                "id": "0",
                                "skipped": str(len([t for t in test_results if t.status == "Skipped"])),
                                "time": str(time),
                                "timestamp": datetime.datetime.now().isoformat('T')
                                })
 
     for test_result in test_results:
         e_test_case = ET.SubElement(e_test_suite, "testcase",
                                     {"name": test_result.name,
                                      "classname": test_result.name,
                                      "time": str(test_result.time)
                                      }
                                     )
         if test_result.status == "Skipped":
             ET.SubElement(e_test_case, "skipped")
         elif test_result.status == "Failed":
             ET.SubElement(e_test_case, "failure")
         # no special element for passed tests
 
         ET.SubElement(e_test_case, "system-out").text = test_result.stdout
         ET.SubElement(e_test_case, "system-err").text = test_result.stderr
 
     ET.ElementTree(e_test_suite).write(
         file_name, "UTF-8", xml_declaration=True)
 
 
 class Timings():
     """
     Takes care of loading, merging and saving tests execution times.
     """
 
     def __init__(self, timing_file):
         self.timing_file = timing_file
         self.existing_timings = self.load_timings()
 
     def load_timings(self):
         if os.path.isfile(self.timing_file):
             with open(self.timing_file) as f:
                 return json.load(f)
         else:
             return []
 
     def get_merged_timings(self, new_timings):
         """
         Return new list containing existing timings updated with new timings
         Tests that do not exists are not removed
         """
 
         key = 'name'
         merged = {}
         for item in self.existing_timings + new_timings:
             if item[key] in merged:
                 merged[item[key]].update(item)
             else:
                 merged[item[key]] = item
 
         # Sort the result to preserve test ordering in file
         merged = list(merged.values())
         merged.sort(key=lambda t, key=key: t[key])
         return merged
 
     def save_timings(self, test_results):
         # we only save test that have passed - timings for failed test might be
         # wrong (timeouts or early fails)
         passed_results = [t for t in test_results if t.status == 'Passed']
         new_timings = list(map(lambda t: {'name':  t.name, 'time': t.time},
                                passed_results))
         merged_timings = self.get_merged_timings(new_timings)
 
         with open(self.timing_file, 'w') as f:
             json.dump(merged_timings, f, indent=True)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     main()
diff --git a/test/functional/wallet_listsinceblock.py b/test/functional/wallet_listsinceblock.py
index 441df6125b..0128a8f174 100755
--- a/test/functional/wallet_listsinceblock.py
+++ b/test/functional/wallet_listsinceblock.py
@@ -1,80 +1,80 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright (c) 2017 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 
 from test_framework.test_framework import BitcoinTestFramework
 from test_framework.util import assert_equal
 
 
 class ListSinceBlockTest (BitcoinTestFramework):
     def set_test_params(self):
         self.num_nodes = 4
         self.setup_clean_chain = True
         self.extra_args = [["-noparkdeepreorg"], ["-noparkdeepreorg"], [], []]
 
     def run_test(self):
         '''
         `listsinceblock` did not behave correctly when handed a block that was
         no longer in the main chain:
 
              ab0
           /       \
         aa1 [tx0]   bb1
          |           |
         aa2         bb2
          |           |
         aa3         bb3
                      |
                     bb4
 
         Consider a client that has only seen block `aa3` above. It asks the node
         to `listsinceblock aa3`. But at some point prior the main chain switched
         to the bb chain.
 
         Previously: listsinceblock would find height=4 for block aa3 and compare
         this to height=5 for the tip of the chain (bb4). It would then return
         results restricted to bb3-bb4.
 
         Now: listsinceblock finds the fork at ab0 and returns results in the
         range bb1-bb4.
 
         This test only checks that [tx0] is present.
         '''
 
         self.nodes[2].generate(101)
         self.sync_all()
 
         assert_equal(self.nodes[0].getbalance(), 0)
         assert_equal(self.nodes[1].getbalance(), 0)
         assert_equal(self.nodes[2].getbalance(), 50)
         assert_equal(self.nodes[3].getbalance(), 0)
 
         # Split network into two
         self.split_network()
 
         # send to nodes[0] from nodes[2]
         senttx = self.nodes[2].sendtoaddress(self.nodes[0].getnewaddress(), 1)
 
         # generate on both sides
         lastblockhash = self.nodes[1].generate(6)[5]
         self.nodes[2].generate(7)
-        self.log.info('lastblockhash=%s' % (lastblockhash))
+        self.log.info('lastblockhash={}'.format(lastblockhash))
 
         self.sync_all([self.nodes[:2], self.nodes[2:]])
 
         self.join_network()
 
         # listsinceblock(lastblockhash) should now include tx, as seen from
         # nodes[0]
         lsbres = self.nodes[0].listsinceblock(lastblockhash)
         found = False
         for tx in lsbres['transactions']:
             if tx['txid'] == senttx:
                 found = True
                 break
         assert_equal(found, True)
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     ListSinceBlockTest().main()
diff --git a/test/util/bitcoin-util-test.py b/test/util/bitcoin-util-test.py
index 5cc8cf2e13..17f83eba7a 100755
--- a/test/util/bitcoin-util-test.py
+++ b/test/util/bitcoin-util-test.py
@@ -1,183 +1,183 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 # Copyright 2014 BitPay Inc.
 # Copyright 2016-2017 The Bitcoin Core developers
 # Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
 # file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
 """Test framework for bitcoin utils.
 
 Runs automatically during `make check`.
 
 Can also be run manually."""
 
 import argparse
 import binascii
 import configparser
 import difflib
 import json
 import logging
 import os
 import pprint
 import subprocess
 import sys
 
 
 def main():
     config = configparser.ConfigParser()
     config.read_file(open(os.path.dirname(__file__) + "/../config.ini"))
 
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
     parser.add_argument('-v', '--verbose', action='store_true')
     args = parser.parse_args()
     verbose = args.verbose
 
     if verbose:
         level = logging.DEBUG
     else:
         level = logging.ERROR
     formatter = '%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s'
     # Add the format/level to the logger
     logging.basicConfig(format=formatter, level=level)
 
     bctester(config["environment"]["SRCDIR"] + "/test/util/data",
              "bitcoin-util-test.json", config["environment"])
 
 
 def bctester(testDir, input_basename, buildenv):
     """ Loads and parses the input file, runs all tests and reports results"""
     input_filename = testDir + "/" + input_basename
     raw_data = open(input_filename).read()
     input_data = json.loads(raw_data)
 
     failed_testcases = []
 
     for testObj in input_data:
         try:
             bctest(testDir, testObj, buildenv)
             logging.info("PASSED: " + testObj["description"])
         except:
             logging.info("FAILED: " + testObj["description"])
             failed_testcases.append(testObj["description"])
 
     if failed_testcases:
         error_message = "FAILED_TESTCASES:\n"
         error_message += pprint.pformat(failed_testcases, width=400)
         logging.error(error_message)
         sys.exit(1)
     else:
         sys.exit(0)
 
 
 def bctest(testDir, testObj, buildenv):
     """Runs a single test, comparing output and RC to expected output and RC.
 
     Raises an error if input can't be read, executable fails, or output/RC
     are not as expected. Error is caught by bctester() and reported.
     """
     # Get the exec names and arguments
     execprog = buildenv["BUILDDIR"] + "/src/" + \
         testObj['exec'] + buildenv["EXEEXT"]
     execargs = testObj['args']
     execrun = [execprog] + execargs
 
     # Read the input data (if there is any)
     stdinCfg = None
     inputData = None
     if "input" in testObj:
         filename = testDir + "/" + testObj['input']
         inputData = open(filename).read()
         stdinCfg = subprocess.PIPE
 
     # Read the expected output data (if there is any)
     outputFn = None
     outputData = None
     if "output_cmp" in testObj:
         outputFn = testObj['output_cmp']
         # output type from file extension (determines how to compare)
         outputType = os.path.splitext(outputFn)[1][1:]
         try:
             outputData = open(testDir + "/" + outputFn).read()
         except:
             logging.error("Output file " + outputFn + " can not be opened")
             raise
         if not outputData:
             logging.error("Output data missing for " + outputFn)
             raise Exception
 
     # Run the test
     proc = subprocess.Popen(execrun, stdin=stdinCfg, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                             stderr=subprocess.PIPE, universal_newlines=True)
     try:
         outs = proc.communicate(input=inputData)
     except OSError:
         logging.error("OSError, Failed to execute " + execprog)
         raise
 
     if outputData:
         data_mismatch, formatting_mismatch = False, False
         # Parse command output and expected output
         try:
             a_parsed = parse_output(outs[0], outputType)
         except Exception as e:
-            logging.error('Error parsing command output as %s: %s' %
-                          (outputType, e))
+            logging.error(
+                'Error parsing command output as {}: {}'.format(outputType, e))
             raise
         try:
             b_parsed = parse_output(outputData, outputType)
         except Exception as e:
-            logging.error('Error parsing expected output %s as %s: %s' %
-                          (outputFn, outputType, e))
+            logging.error('Error parsing expected output {} as {}: {}'.format(
+                outputFn, outputType, e))
             raise
         # Compare data
         if a_parsed != b_parsed:
             logging.error("Output data mismatch for " +
                           outputFn + " (format " + outputType + ")")
             data_mismatch = True
         # Compare formatting
         if outs[0] != outputData:
             error_message = "Output formatting mismatch for " + outputFn + ":\n"
             error_message += "".join(difflib.context_diff(outputData.splitlines(True),
                                                           outs[0].splitlines(
                                                               True),
                                                           fromfile=outputFn,
                                                           tofile="returned"))
             logging.error(error_message)
             formatting_mismatch = True
 
         assert not data_mismatch and not formatting_mismatch
 
     # Compare the return code to the expected return code
     wantRC = 0
     if "return_code" in testObj:
         wantRC = testObj['return_code']
     if proc.returncode != wantRC:
         logging.error("Return code mismatch for " + outputFn)
         raise Exception
 
     if "error_txt" in testObj:
         want_error = testObj["error_txt"]
         # Compare error text
         # TODO: ideally, we'd compare the strings exactly and also assert
         # That stderr is empty if no errors are expected. However, bitcoin-tx
         # emits DISPLAY errors when running as a windows application on
         # linux through wine. Just assert that the expected error text appears
         # somewhere in stderr.
         if want_error not in outs[1]:
             logging.error("Error mismatch:\n" + "Expected: " +
                           want_error + "\nReceived: " + outs[1].rstrip())
             raise Exception
 
 
 def parse_output(a, fmt):
     """Parse the output according to specified format.
 
     Raise an error if the output can't be parsed."""
     if fmt == 'json':  # json: compare parsed data
         return json.loads(a)
     elif fmt == 'hex':  # hex: parse and compare binary data
         return binascii.a2b_hex(a.strip())
     else:
-        raise NotImplementedError("Don't know how to compare %s" % fmt)
+        raise NotImplementedError("Don't know how to compare {}".format(fmt))
 
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     main()