Fixes https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/issues/22964
Previously, we used UnloadBlockIndex() in order to reset node.mempool
and node.chainman. However, that has proven to be fragile (see
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/issues/22964), and requires
UnloadBlockIndex and its callees to be updated manually for each member
that's introduced to the mempool and chainman classes.
In this commit, we stop using the UnloadBlockIndex function and we
simply reconstruct node.mempool and node.chainman.
Since PeerManager needs a valid reference to both node.mempool and
node.chainman, we also move PeerManager's construction via `::make` to
after the chainstate activation sequence is complete.
There are no more callers to UnloadBlockIndex after this commit, so it
and its sole callees can be pruned.
This is a partial backport of core#22564
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/22564/commits/5921b863e39e5c3997895ffee1c87159e37a5d6f
Depends on D13086 and D13081