init.cpp
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	// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
	// Copyright (c) 2009-2016 The Bitcoin Core developers
	// Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
	// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

	#if defined(HAVE_CONFIG_H)
	#include "config/bitcoin-config.h"
	#endif

	#include "init.h"

	#include "addrman.h"
	#include "amount.h"
	#include "chain.h"
	#include "chainparams.h"
	#include "checkpoints.h"
	#include "compat/sanity.h"
	#include "config.h"
	#include "consensus/validation.h"
	#include "diskblockpos.h"
	#include "fs.h"
	#include "httprpc.h"
	#include "httpserver.h"
	#include "key.h"
	#include "miner.h"
	#include "net.h"
	#include "net_processing.h"
	#include "netbase.h"
	#include "policy/policy.h"
	#include "rpc/register.h"
	#include "rpc/safemode.h"
	#include "rpc/server.h"
	#include "scheduler.h"
	#include "script/scriptcache.h"
	#include "script/sigcache.h"
	#include "script/standard.h"
	#include "timedata.h"
	#include "torcontrol.h"
	#include "txdb.h"
	#include "txmempool.h"
	#include "ui_interface.h"
	#include "util.h"
	#include "utilmoneystr.h"
	#include "validation.h"
	#include "validationinterface.h"
	#ifdef ENABLE_WALLET
	#include "wallet/rpcdump.h"
	#endif
	#include "walletinitinterface.h"
	#include "warnings.h"

	#include <cstdint>
	#include <cstdio>
	#include <memory>

	#ifndef WIN32
	#include <signal.h>
	#endif

	#include <boost/algorithm/string/classification.hpp>
	#include <boost/algorithm/string/replace.hpp>
	#include <boost/algorithm/string/split.hpp>
	#include <boost/bind.hpp>
	#include <boost/interprocess/sync/file_lock.hpp>
	#include <boost/thread.hpp>

	#if ENABLE_ZMQ
	#include "zmq/zmqnotificationinterface.h"
	#endif

	static const bool DEFAULT_PROXYRANDOMIZE = true;
	static const bool DEFAULT_REST_ENABLE = false;
	static const bool DEFAULT_STOPAFTERBLOCKIMPORT = false;

	std::unique_ptr<CConnman> g_connman;
	std::unique_ptr<PeerLogicValidation> peerLogic;

	#if !(ENABLE_WALLET)
	class DummyWalletInit : public WalletInitInterface {
	public:
	std::string GetHelpString(bool showDebug) override { return std::string{}; }
	bool ParameterInteraction() override { return true; }
	void RegisterRPC(CRPCTable &) override {}
	bool Verify(const CChainParams &chainParams) override { return true; }
	bool Open(const CChainParams &chainParams) override { return true; }
	void Start(CScheduler &scheduler) override {}
	void Flush() override {}
	void Stop() override {}
	void Close() override {}
	};

	static DummyWalletInit g_dummy_wallet_init;
	WalletInitInterface *const g_wallet_init_interface = &g_dummy_wallet_init;
	#endif

	#if ENABLE_ZMQ
	static CZMQNotificationInterface *pzmqNotificationInterface = nullptr;
	#endif

	#ifdef WIN32
	// Win32 LevelDB doesn't use filedescriptors, and the ones used for accessing
	// block files don't count towards the fd_set size limit anyway.
	#define MIN_CORE_FILEDESCRIPTORS 0
	#else
	#define MIN_CORE_FILEDESCRIPTORS 150
	#endif

	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
	//
	// Shutdown
	//

	//
	// Thread management and startup/shutdown:
	//
	// The network-processing threads are all part of a thread group created by
	// AppInit() or the Qt main() function.
	//
	// A clean exit happens when StartShutdown() or the SIGTERM signal handler sets
	// fRequestShutdown, which triggers the DetectShutdownThread(), which interrupts
	// the main thread group. DetectShutdownThread() then exits, which causes
	// AppInit() to continue (it .joins the shutdown thread). Shutdown() is then
	// called to clean up database connections, and stop other threads that should
	// only be stopped after the main network-processing threads have exited.
	//
	// Note that if running -daemon the parent process returns from AppInit2 before
	// adding any threads to the threadGroup, so .join_all() returns immediately and
	// the parent exits from main().
	//
	// Shutdown for Qt is very similar, only it uses a QTimer to detect
	// fRequestShutdown getting set, and then does the normal Qt shutdown thing.
	//

	std::atomic<bool> fRequestShutdown(false);
	std::atomic<bool> fDumpMempoolLater(false);

	void StartShutdown() {
	fRequestShutdown = true;
	}
	bool ShutdownRequested() {
	return fRequestShutdown;
	}

	/**
	* This is a minimally invasive approach to shutdown on LevelDB read errors from
	* the chainstate, while keeping user interface out of the common library, which
	* is shared between bitcoind, and bitcoin-qt and non-server tools.
	*/
	class CCoinsViewErrorCatcher final : public CCoinsViewBacked {
	public:
	explicit CCoinsViewErrorCatcher(CCoinsView *view)
	: CCoinsViewBacked(view) {}
	bool GetCoin(const COutPoint &outpoint, Coin &coin) const override {
	try {
	return CCoinsViewBacked::GetCoin(outpoint, coin);
	} catch (const std::runtime_error &e) {
	uiInterface.ThreadSafeMessageBox(
	_("Error reading from database, shutting down."), "",
	CClientUIInterface::MSG_ERROR);
	LogPrintf("Error reading from database: %s\n", e.what());
	// Starting the shutdown sequence and returning false to the caller
	// would be interpreted as 'entry not found' (as opposed to unable
	// to read data), and could lead to invalid interpretation. Just
	// exit immediately, as we can't continue anyway, and all writes
	// should be atomic.
	abort();
	}
	}
	// Writes do not need similar protection, as failure to write is handled by
	// the caller.
	};

	static std::unique_ptr<CCoinsViewErrorCatcher> pcoinscatcher;
	static std::unique_ptr<ECCVerifyHandle> globalVerifyHandle;

	static boost::thread_group threadGroup;
	static CScheduler scheduler;

	void Interrupt() {
	InterruptHTTPServer();
	InterruptHTTPRPC();
	InterruptRPC();
	InterruptREST();
	InterruptTorControl();
	InterruptMapPort();
	if (g_connman) {
	g_connman->Interrupt();
	}
	}

	void Shutdown() {
	LogPrintf("%s: In progress...\n", __func__);
	static CCriticalSection cs_Shutdown;
	TRY_LOCK(cs_Shutdown, lockShutdown);
	if (!lockShutdown) {
	return;
	}

	/// Note: Shutdown() must be able to handle cases in which AppInit2() failed
	/// part of the way, for example if the data directory was found to be
	/// locked. Be sure that anything that writes files or flushes caches only
	/// does this if the respective module was initialized.
	RenameThread("bitcoin-shutoff");
	g_mempool.AddTransactionsUpdated(1);

	StopHTTPRPC();
	StopREST();
	StopRPC();
	StopHTTPServer();
	g_wallet_init_interface->Flush();
	StopMapPort();

	// Because these depend on each-other, we make sure that neither can be
	// using the other before destroying them.
	if (peerLogic) {
	UnregisterValidationInterface(peerLogic.get());
	}
	if (g_connman) {
	g_connman->Stop();
	}
	peerLogic.reset();
	g_connman.reset();

	StopTorControl();

	// After everything has been shut down, but before things get flushed, stop
	// the CScheduler/checkqueue threadGroup
	threadGroup.interrupt_all();
	threadGroup.join_all();

	if (fDumpMempoolLater &&
	gArgs.GetArg("-persistmempool", DEFAULT_PERSIST_MEMPOOL)) {
	DumpMempool();
	}

	// FlushStateToDisk generates a SetBestChain callback, which we should avoid
	// missing
	if (pcoinsTip != nullptr) {
	FlushStateToDisk();
	}

	// After there are no more peers/RPC left to give us new data which may
	// generate CValidationInterface callbacks, flush them...
	GetMainSignals().FlushBackgroundCallbacks();

	// Any future callbacks will be dropped. This should absolutely be safe - if
	// missing a callback results in an unrecoverable situation, unclean
	// shutdown would too. The only reason to do the above flushes is to let the
	// wallet catch up with our current chain to avoid any strange pruning edge
	// cases and make next startup faster by avoiding rescan.

	{
	LOCK(cs_main);
	if (pcoinsTip != nullptr) {
	FlushStateToDisk();
	}
	pcoinsTip.reset();
	pcoinscatcher.reset();
	pcoinsdbview.reset();
	pblocktree.reset();
	}
	g_wallet_init_interface->Stop();

	#if ENABLE_ZMQ
	if (pzmqNotificationInterface) {
	UnregisterValidationInterface(pzmqNotificationInterface);
	delete pzmqNotificationInterface;
	pzmqNotificationInterface = nullptr;
	}
	#endif

	#ifndef WIN32
	try {
	fs::remove(GetPidFile());
	} catch (const fs::filesystem_error &e) {
	LogPrintf("%s: Unable to remove pidfile: %s\n", __func__, e.what());
	}
	#endif
	UnregisterAllValidationInterfaces();
	GetMainSignals().UnregisterBackgroundSignalScheduler();
	GetMainSignals().UnregisterWithMempoolSignals(g_mempool);
	g_wallet_init_interface->Close();
	globalVerifyHandle.reset();
	ECC_Stop();
	LogPrintf("%s: done\n", __func__);
	}

	/**
	* Signal handlers are very limited in what they are allowed to do, so:
	*/
	void HandleSIGTERM(int) {
	fRequestShutdown = true;
	}

	void HandleSIGHUP(int) {
	GetLogger().m_reopen_file = true;
	}

	void OnRPCStarted() {
	uiInterface.NotifyBlockTip.connect(&RPCNotifyBlockChange);
	}

	void OnRPCStopped() {
	uiInterface.NotifyBlockTip.disconnect(&RPCNotifyBlockChange);
	RPCNotifyBlockChange(false, nullptr);
	g_best_block_cv.notify_all();
	LogPrint(BCLog::RPC, "RPC stopped.\n");
	}

	std::string HelpMessage(HelpMessageMode mode) {
	const auto defaultBaseParams =
	CreateBaseChainParams(CBaseChainParams::MAIN);
	const auto testnetBaseParams =
	CreateBaseChainParams(CBaseChainParams::TESTNET);
	const auto defaultChainParams = CreateChainParams(CBaseChainParams::MAIN);
	const auto testnetChainParams =
	CreateChainParams(CBaseChainParams::TESTNET);
	const bool showDebug = gArgs.GetBoolArg("-help-debug", false);

	// When adding new options to the categories, please keep and ensure
	// alphabetical ordering. Do not translate _(...) -help-debug options, Many
	// technical terms, and only a very small audience, so is unnecessary stress
	// to translators.
	std::string strUsage = HelpMessageGroup(_("Options:"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-?", _("Print this help message and exit"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-version", _("Print version and exit"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-alertnotify=<cmd>",
	_("Execute command when a relevant alert is received or we see a "
	"really long fork (%s in cmd is replaced by message)"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-blocknotify=<cmd>",
	_("Execute command when the best block changes "
	"(%s in cmd is replaced by block hash)"));
	if (showDebug) {
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-blocksonly",
	strprintf(
	_("Whether to operate in a blocks only mode (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_BLOCKSONLY));
	}
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-assumevalid=<hex>",
	strprintf(
	_("If this block is in the chain assume that it and its ancestors "
	"are valid and potentially skip their script verification (0 to "
	"verify all, default: %s, testnet: %s)"),
	defaultChainParams->GetConsensus().defaultAssumeValid.GetHex(),
	testnetChainParams->GetConsensus().defaultAssumeValid.GetHex()));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-conf=<file>", strprintf(_("Specify configuration file (default: %s)"),
	BITCOIN_CONF_FILENAME));
	if (mode == HMM_BITCOIND) {
	#if HAVE_DECL_DAEMON
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-daemon",
	_("Run in the background as a daemon and accept commands"));
	#endif
	}
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-datadir=<dir>", _("Specify data directory"));
	if (showDebug) {
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-dbbatchsize",
	strprintf(
	"Maximum database write batch size in bytes (default: %u)",
	nDefaultDbBatchSize));
	}
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-dbcache=<n>",
	strprintf(
	_("Set database cache size in megabytes (%d to %d, default: %d)"),
	nMinDbCache, nMaxDbCache, nDefaultDbCache));
	if (showDebug) {
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-feefilter", strprintf("Tell other nodes to filter invs to us by "
	"our mempool min fee (default: %d)",
	DEFAULT_FEEFILTER));
	}
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-finalizationdelay=<n>",
	strprintf("Set the minimum amount of time to wait between a "
	"block header reception and the block finalization. "
	"Unit is seconds (default: %d)",
	DEFAULT_MIN_FINALIZATION_DELAY));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-maxreorgdepth=<n>",
	strprintf("Configure at what depth blocks are considered final "
	"(default: %d). Use -1 to disable.",
	DEFAULT_MAX_REORG_DEPTH));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-loadblock=<file>",
	_("Imports blocks from external blk000??.dat file on startup"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-debuglogfile=<file>",
	strprintf(
	_("Specify location of debug log file: this can be an absolute "
	"path or a path relative to the data directory (default: %s)"),
	DEFAULT_DEBUGLOGFILE));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-maxorphantx=<n>", strprintf(_("Keep at most <n> unconnectable "
	"transactions in memory (default: %u)"),
	DEFAULT_MAX_ORPHAN_TRANSACTIONS));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-maxmempool=<n>",
	strprintf(_("Keep the transaction memory pool "
	"below <n> megabytes (default: %u)"),
	DEFAULT_MAX_MEMPOOL_SIZE));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-mempoolexpiry=<n>",
	strprintf(_("Do not keep transactions in the mempool "
	"longer than <n> hours (default: %u)"),
	DEFAULT_MEMPOOL_EXPIRY));
	if (showDebug) {
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-minimumchainwork=<hex>",
	strprintf(
	"Minimum work assumed to exist on a valid chain in hex "
	"(default: %s, testnet: %s)",
	defaultChainParams->GetConsensus().nMinimumChainWork.GetHex(),
	testnetChainParams->GetConsensus().nMinimumChainWork.GetHex()));
	}
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-persistmempool",
	strprintf(_("Whether to save the mempool on shutdown "
	"and load on restart (default: %u)"),
	DEFAULT_PERSIST_MEMPOOL));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-blockreconstructionextratxn=<n>",
	strprintf(_("Extra transactions to keep in memory for compact block "
	"reconstructions (default: %u)"),
	DEFAULT_BLOCK_RECONSTRUCTION_EXTRA_TXN));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-par=<n>",
	strprintf(_("Set the number of script verification threads (%u to %d, "
	"0 = auto, <0 = leave that many cores free, default: %d)"),
	-GetNumCores(), MAX_SCRIPTCHECK_THREADS,
	DEFAULT_SCRIPTCHECK_THREADS));
	#ifndef WIN32
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-pid=<file>",
	strprintf(_("Specify pid file (default: %s)"), BITCOIN_PID_FILENAME));
	#endif
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-prune=<n>",
	strprintf(
	_("Reduce storage requirements by enabling pruning (deleting) of "
	"old blocks. This allows the pruneblockchain RPC to be called to "
	"delete specific blocks, and enables automatic pruning of old "
	"blocks if a target size in MiB is provided. This mode is "
	"incompatible with -txindex and -rescan. "
	"Warning: Reverting this setting requires re-downloading the "
	"entire blockchain. "
	"(default: 0 = disable pruning blocks, 1 = allow manual pruning "
	"via RPC, >%u = automatically prune block files to stay under "
	"the specified target size in MiB)"),
	MIN_DISK_SPACE_FOR_BLOCK_FILES / 1024 / 1024));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-reindex-chainstate",
	_("Rebuild chain state from the currently indexed blocks"));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-reindex", _("Rebuild chain state and block index from "
	"the blk*.dat files on disk"));
	#ifndef WIN32
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-sysperms",
	_("Create new files with system default permissions, instead of umask "
	"077 (only effective with disabled wallet functionality)"));
	#endif
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-txindex", strprintf(_("Maintain a full transaction index, used by "
	"the getrawtransaction rpc call (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_TXINDEX));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-usecashaddr", _("Use Cash Address for destination encoding instead "
	"of base58 (activate by default on Jan, 14)"));

	strUsage += HelpMessageGroup(_("Connection options:"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-addnode=<ip>",
	_("Add a node to connect to and attempt to keep the connection open "
	"(see the `addnode` RPC command help for more info)"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-banscore=<n>",
	strprintf(
	_("Threshold for disconnecting misbehaving peers (default: %u)"),
	DEFAULT_BANSCORE_THRESHOLD));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-bantime=<n>", strprintf(_("Number of seconds to keep misbehaving "
	"peers from reconnecting (default: %u)"),
	DEFAULT_MISBEHAVING_BANTIME));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-bind=<addr>",
	_("Bind to given address and always listen on "
	"it. Use [host]:port notation for IPv6"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-connect=<ip>", _("Connect only to the specified node(s); -connect=0 "
	"disables automatic connections (the rules for this "
	"peer are the same as for -addnode)"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-discover",
	_("Discover own IP addresses (default: 1 when "
	"listening and no -externalip or -proxy)"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-dns", _("Allow DNS lookups for -addnode, -seednode and -connect") +
	" " + strprintf(_("(default: %d)"), DEFAULT_NAME_LOOKUP));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-dnsseed", _("Query for peer addresses via DNS lookup, if low on "
	"addresses (default: 1 unless -connect/-noconnect)"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-externalip=<ip>",
	_("Specify your own public address"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-forcednsseed",
	strprintf(
	_("Always query for peer addresses via DNS lookup (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_FORCEDNSSEED));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-listen", _("Accept connections from outside (default: "
	"1 if no -proxy or -connect/-noconnect)"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-listenonion",
	strprintf(_("Automatically create Tor hidden service (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_LISTEN_ONION));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-maxconnections=<n>",
	strprintf(_("Maintain at most <n> connections to peers (default: %u)"),
	DEFAULT_MAX_PEER_CONNECTIONS));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-maxreceivebuffer=<n>",
	strprintf(_("Maximum per-connection receive buffer, "
	"<n>*1000 bytes (default: %u)"),
	DEFAULT_MAXRECEIVEBUFFER));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-maxsendbuffer=<n>", strprintf(_("Maximum per-connection send buffer, "
	"<n>*1000 bytes (default: %u)"),
	DEFAULT_MAXSENDBUFFER));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-maxtimeadjustment",
	strprintf(_("Maximum allowed median peer time offset adjustment. Local "
	"perspective of time may be influenced by peers forward or "
	"backward by this amount. (default: %u seconds)"),
	DEFAULT_MAX_TIME_ADJUSTMENT));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-onion=<ip:port>",
	strprintf(_("Use separate SOCKS5 proxy to reach peers "
	"via Tor hidden services (default: %s)"),
	"-proxy"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-onlynet=<net>",
	_("Only connect to nodes in network <net> (ipv4, ipv6 or onion)"));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-permitbaremultisig",
	strprintf(_("Relay non-P2SH multisig (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_PERMIT_BAREMULTISIG));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-peerbloomfilters",
	strprintf(_("Support filtering of blocks and transaction with bloom "
	"filters (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_PEERBLOOMFILTERS));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-port=<port>",
	strprintf(
	_("Listen for connections on <port> (default: %u or testnet: %u)"),
	defaultChainParams->GetDefaultPort(),
	testnetChainParams->GetDefaultPort()));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-proxy=<ip:port>", _("Connect through SOCKS5 proxy"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-proxyrandomize",
	strprintf(_("Randomize credentials for every proxy connection. This "
	"enables Tor stream isolation (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_PROXYRANDOMIZE));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-seednode=<ip>",
	_("Connect to a node to retrieve peer addresses, and disconnect"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-timeout=<n>", strprintf(_("Specify connection timeout in "
	"milliseconds (minimum: 1, default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-torcontrol=<ip>:<port>",
	strprintf(_("Tor control port to use if onion "
	"listening enabled (default: %s)"),
	DEFAULT_TOR_CONTROL));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-torpassword=<pass>",
	_("Tor control port password (default: empty)"));
	#ifdef USE_UPNP
	#if USE_UPNP
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-upnp", _("Use UPnP to map the listening port "
	"(default: 1 when listening and no -proxy)"));
	#else
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-upnp",
	strprintf(_("Use UPnP to map the listening port (default: %u)"), 0));
	#endif
	#endif
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-whitebind=<addr>",
	_("Bind to given address and whitelist peers connecting "
	"to it. Use [host]:port notation for IPv6"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-whitelist=<IP address or network>",
	_("Whitelist peers connecting from the given IP address (e.g. 1.2.3.4) "
	"or CIDR notated network (e.g. 1.2.3.0/24). Can be specified "
	"multiple times.") +
	" " +
	_("Whitelisted peers cannot be DoS banned and their transactions "
	"are always relayed, even if they are already in the mempool, "
	"useful e.g. for a gateway"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-whitelistrelay",
	strprintf(_("Accept relayed transactions received from whitelisted "
	"peers even when not relaying transactions (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_WHITELISTRELAY));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-whitelistforcerelay",
	strprintf(_("Force relay of transactions from whitelisted peers even "
	"if they violate local relay policy (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_WHITELISTFORCERELAY));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-maxuploadtarget=<n>",
	strprintf(_("Tries to keep outbound traffic under the given target (in "
	"MiB per 24h), 0 = no limit (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_MAX_UPLOAD_TARGET));

	strUsage += g_wallet_init_interface->GetHelpString(showDebug);

	#if ENABLE_ZMQ
	strUsage += HelpMessageGroup(_("ZeroMQ notification options:"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-zmqpubhashblock=<address>",
	_("Enable publish hash block in <address>"));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-zmqpubhashtx=<address>",
	_("Enable publish hash transaction in <address>"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-zmqpubrawblock=<address>",
	_("Enable publish raw block in <address>"));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-zmqpubrawtx=<address>",
	_("Enable publish raw transaction in <address>"));
	#endif

	strUsage += HelpMessageGroup(_("Debugging/Testing options:"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-uacomment=<cmt>",
	_("Append comment to the user agent string"));
	if (showDebug) {
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-checkblocks=<n>",
	strprintf(
	_("How many blocks to check at startup (default: %u, 0 = all)"),
	DEFAULT_CHECKBLOCKS));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-checklevel=<n>",
	strprintf(_("How thorough the block verification of "
	"-checkblocks is (0-4, default: %u)"),
	DEFAULT_CHECKLEVEL));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-checkblockindex",
	strprintf("Do a full consistency check for mapBlockIndex, "
	"setBlockIndexCandidates, chainActive and "
	"mapBlocksUnlinked occasionally. Also sets -checkmempool "
	"(default: %u)",
	defaultChainParams->DefaultConsistencyChecks()));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-checkmempool=<n>",
	strprintf("Run checks every <n> transactions (default: %u)",
	defaultChainParams->DefaultConsistencyChecks()));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-checkpoints", strprintf("Only accept block chain matching "
	"built-in checkpoints (default: %d)",
	DEFAULT_CHECKPOINTS_ENABLED));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-disablesafemode", strprintf("Disable safemode, override a real "
	"safe mode event (default: %d)",
	DEFAULT_DISABLE_SAFEMODE));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-deprecatedrpc=<method>",
	"Allows deprecated RPC method(s) to be used");
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-testsafemode",
	strprintf("Force safe mode (default: %d)", DEFAULT_TESTSAFEMODE));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-dropmessagestest=<n>",
	"Randomly drop 1 of every <n> network messages");
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-stopafterblockimport",
	strprintf(
	"Stop running after importing blocks from disk (default: %d)",
	DEFAULT_STOPAFTERBLOCKIMPORT));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-stopatheight", strprintf("Stop running after reaching the given "
	"height in the main chain (default: %u)",
	DEFAULT_STOPATHEIGHT));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-limitancestorcount=<n>",
	strprintf("Do not accept transactions if number of in-mempool "
	"ancestors is <n> or more (default: %u)",
	DEFAULT_ANCESTOR_LIMIT));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-limitancestorsize=<n>",
	strprintf("Do not accept transactions whose size "
	"with all in-mempool ancestors exceeds "
	"<n> kilobytes (default: %u)",
	DEFAULT_ANCESTOR_SIZE_LIMIT));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-limitdescendantcount=<n>",
	strprintf("Do not accept transactions if any ancestor would have "
	"<n> or more in-mempool descendants (default: %u)",
	DEFAULT_DESCENDANT_LIMIT));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-limitdescendantsize=<n>",
	strprintf("Do not accept transactions if any ancestor would have "
	"more than <n> kilobytes of in-mempool descendants "
	"(default: %u).",
	DEFAULT_DESCENDANT_SIZE_LIMIT));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-addrmantest",
	"Allows to test address relay on localhost");
	}
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-debug=<category>",
	strprintf(_("Output debugging information (default: %u, supplying "
	"<category> is optional)"),
	0) +
	". " +
	_("If <category> is not supplied or if <category> = 1, output all "
	"debugging information.") +
	_("<category> can be:") + " " + ListLogCategories() + ".");
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-debugexclude=<category>",
	strprintf(_("Exclude debugging information for a category. Can be used "
	"in conjunction with -debug=1 to output debug logs for all "
	"categories except one or more specified categories.")));
	if (showDebug) {
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-nodebug", "Turn off debugging messages, same as -debug=0");
	}
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-help-debug",
	_("Show all debugging options (usage: --help -help-debug)"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-logips",
	strprintf(_("Include IP addresses in debug output (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_LOGIPS));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-logtimestamps",
	strprintf(_("Prepend debug output with timestamp (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_LOGTIMESTAMPS));
	if (showDebug) {
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-logtimemicros",
	strprintf(
	"Add microsecond precision to debug timestamps (default: %d)",
	DEFAULT_LOGTIMEMICROS));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-mocktime=<n>",
	"Replace actual time with <n> seconds since epoch (default: 0)");
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-limitfreerelay=<n>",
	strprintf("Continuously rate-limit free transactions to <n>*1000 "
	"bytes per minute (default: %u)",
	DEFAULT_LIMITFREERELAY));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-relaypriority",
	strprintf("Require high priority for relaying free "
	"or low-fee transactions (default: %d)",
	DEFAULT_RELAYPRIORITY));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-maxsigcachesize=<n>",
	strprintf("Limit size of signature cache to <n> MiB (default: %u)",
	DEFAULT_MAX_SIG_CACHE_SIZE));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-maxscriptcachesize=<n>",
	strprintf("Limit size of script cache to <n> MiB (default: %u)",
	DEFAULT_MAX_SCRIPT_CACHE_SIZE));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-maxtipage=<n>",
	strprintf("Maximum tip age in seconds to consider node in initial "
	"block download (default: %u)",
	DEFAULT_MAX_TIP_AGE));
	}
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-excessutxocharge=<amt>",
	strprintf(_("Fees (in %s/kB) to charge per utxo created for"
	"relaying, and mining (default: %s)"),
	CURRENCY_UNIT, FormatMoney(DEFAULT_UTXO_FEE)));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-minrelaytxfee=<amt>",
	strprintf(
	_("Fees (in %s/kB) smaller than this are considered zero fee for "
	"relaying, mining and transaction creation (default: %s)"),
	CURRENCY_UNIT, FormatMoney(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE_PER_KB)));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-maxtxfee=<amt>",
	strprintf(_("Maximum total fees (in %s) to use in a single wallet "
	"transaction or raw transaction; setting this too low may "
	"abort large transactions (default: %s)"),
	CURRENCY_UNIT, FormatMoney(DEFAULT_TRANSACTION_MAXFEE)));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-printtoconsole",
	_("Send trace/debug info to console instead of debug.log file"));
	if (showDebug) {
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-printpriority", strprintf("Log transaction priority and fee per "
	"kB when mining blocks (default: %d)",
	DEFAULT_PRINTPRIORITY));
	}
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-shrinkdebugfile",
	_("Shrink debug.log file on client startup "
	"(default: 1 when no -debug)"));

	AppendParamsHelpMessages(strUsage, showDebug);

	strUsage += HelpMessageGroup(_("Node relay options:"));
	if (showDebug) {
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-acceptnonstdtxn",
	strprintf(
	"Relay and mine \"non-standard\" transactions (%sdefault: %u)",
	"testnet/regtest only; ",
	defaultChainParams->RequireStandard()));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-excessiveblocksize=<n>",
	strprintf(_("Do not accept blocks larger than this "
	"limit, in bytes (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-dustrelayfee=<amt>",
	strprintf("Fee rate (in %s/kB) used to defined dust, the value of "
	"an output such that it will cost about 1/3 of its value "
	"in fees at this fee rate to spend it. (default: %s)",
	CURRENCY_UNIT, FormatMoney(DUST_RELAY_TX_FEE)));
	}
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-bytespersigop",
	strprintf(_("Equivalent bytes per sigop in transactions "
	"for relay and mining (default: %u)"),
	DEFAULT_BYTES_PER_SIGOP));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-datacarrier",
	strprintf(_("Relay and mine data carrier transactions (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_ACCEPT_DATACARRIER));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-datacarriersize",
	strprintf(_("Maximum size of data in data carrier transactions we "
	"relay and mine (default: %u)"),
	MAX_OP_RETURN_RELAY));

	strUsage += HelpMessageGroup(_("Block creation options:"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-blockmaxsize=<n>",
	strprintf(_("Set maximum block size in bytes (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_MAX_GENERATED_BLOCK_SIZE));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-blockprioritypercentage=<n>",
	strprintf(_("Set maximum percentage of a block reserved to "
	"high-priority/low-fee transactions (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_BLOCK_PRIORITY_PERCENTAGE));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-blockmintxfee=<amt>",
	strprintf(_("Set lowest fee rate (in %s/kB) for transactions to be "
	"included in block creation. (default: %s)"),
	CURRENCY_UNIT, FormatMoney(DEFAULT_BLOCK_MIN_TX_FEE_PER_KB)));
	if (showDebug) {
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-blockversion=<n>",
	"Override block version to test forking scenarios");
	}

	strUsage += HelpMessageGroup(_("RPC server options:"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-server",
	_("Accept command line and JSON-RPC commands"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-rest", strprintf(_("Accept public REST requests (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_REST_ENABLE));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-rpcbind=<addr>",
	_("Bind to given address to listen for JSON-RPC connections. Use "
	"[host]:port notation for IPv6. This option can be specified "
	"multiple times (default: bind to all interfaces)"));
	strUsage +=
	HelpMessageOpt("-rpccookiefile=<loc>",
	_("Location of the auth cookie (default: data dir)"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-rpcuser=<user>",
	_("Username for JSON-RPC connections"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt("-rpcpassword=<pw>",
	_("Password for JSON-RPC connections"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-rpcauth=<userpw>",
	_("Username and hashed password for JSON-RPC connections. The field "
	"<userpw> comes in the format: <USERNAME>:<SALT>$<HASH>. A canonical "
	"python script is included in share/rpcuser. The client then "
	"connects normally using the "
	"rpcuser=<USERNAME>/rpcpassword=<PASSWORD> pair of arguments. This "
	"option can be specified multiple times"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-rpcport=<port>",
	strprintf(_("Listen for JSON-RPC connections on <port> (default: %u or "
	"testnet: %u)"),
	defaultBaseParams->RPCPort(), testnetBaseParams->RPCPort()));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-rpcallowip=<ip>",
	_("Allow JSON-RPC connections from specified source. Valid for <ip> "
	"are a single IP (e.g. 1.2.3.4), a network/netmask (e.g. "
	"1.2.3.4/255.255.255.0) or a network/CIDR (e.g. 1.2.3.4/24). This "
	"option can be specified multiple times"));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-rpcthreads=<n>",
	strprintf(
	_("Set the number of threads to service RPC calls (default: %d)"),
	DEFAULT_HTTP_THREADS));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-rpccorsdomain=value",
	"Domain from which to accept cross origin requests (browser enforced)");
	if (showDebug) {
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-rpcworkqueue=<n>", strprintf("Set the depth of the work queue to "
	"service RPC calls (default: %d)",
	DEFAULT_HTTP_WORKQUEUE));
	strUsage += HelpMessageOpt(
	"-rpcservertimeout=<n>",
	strprintf("Timeout during HTTP requests (default: %d)",
	DEFAULT_HTTP_SERVER_TIMEOUT));
	}

	return strUsage;
	}

	std::string LicenseInfo() {
	const std::string URL_SOURCE_CODE =
	"<https://github.com/Bitcoin-ABC/bitcoin-abc>";
	const std::string URL_WEBSITE = "<https://www.bitcoinabc.org>";

	return CopyrightHolders(
	strprintf(_("Copyright (C) %i-%i"), 2009, COPYRIGHT_YEAR) +
	" ") +
	"\n" + "\n" +
	strprintf(_("Please contribute if you find %s useful. "
	"Visit %s for further information about the software."),
	PACKAGE_NAME, URL_WEBSITE) +
	"\n" +
	strprintf(_("The source code is available from %s."),
	URL_SOURCE_CODE) +
	"\n" + "\n" + _("This is experimental software.") + "\n" +
	strprintf(_("Distributed under the MIT software license, see the "
	"accompanying file %s or %s"),
	"COPYING", "<https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>") +
	"\n" + "\n" +
	strprintf(_("This product includes software developed by the "
	"OpenSSL Project for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit %s and "
	"cryptographic software written by Eric Young and UPnP "
	"software written by Thomas Bernard."),
	"<https://www.openssl.org>") +
	"\n";
	}

	static void BlockNotifyCallback(bool initialSync,
	const CBlockIndex *pBlockIndex) {
	if (initialSync \|\| !pBlockIndex) {
	return;
	}

	std::string strCmd = gArgs.GetArg("-blocknotify", "");
	if (!strCmd.empty()) {
	boost::replace_all(strCmd, "%s", pBlockIndex->GetBlockHash().GetHex());
	std::thread t(runCommand, strCmd);
	// thread runs free
	t.detach();
	}
	}

	static bool fHaveGenesis = false;
	static CWaitableCriticalSection cs_GenesisWait;
	static CConditionVariable condvar_GenesisWait;

	static void BlockNotifyGenesisWait(bool, const CBlockIndex *pBlockIndex) {
	if (pBlockIndex != nullptr) {
	{
	LOCK(cs_GenesisWait);
	fHaveGenesis = true;
	}
	condvar_GenesisWait.notify_all();
	}
	}

	struct CImportingNow {
	CImportingNow() {
	assert(fImporting == false);
	fImporting = true;
	}

	~CImportingNow() {
	assert(fImporting == true);
	fImporting = false;
	}
	};

	// If we're using -prune with -reindex, then delete block files that will be
	// ignored by the reindex. Since reindexing works by starting at block file 0
	// and looping until a blockfile is missing, do the same here to delete any
	// later block files after a gap. Also delete all rev files since they'll be
	// rewritten by the reindex anyway. This ensures that vinfoBlockFile is in sync
	// with what's actually on disk by the time we start downloading, so that
	// pruning works correctly.
	void CleanupBlockRevFiles() {
	std::map<std::string, fs::path> mapBlockFiles;

	// Glob all blk?????.dat and rev?????.dat files from the blocks directory.
	// Remove the rev files immediately and insert the blk file paths into an
	// ordered map keyed by block file index.
	LogPrintf("Removing unusable blk?????.dat and rev?????.dat files for "
	"-reindex with -prune\n");
	fs::path blocksdir = GetDataDir() / "blocks";
	for (fs::directory_iterator it(blocksdir); it != fs::directory_iterator();
	it++) {
	if (is_regular_file(*it) &&
	it->path().filename().string().length() == 12 &&
	it->path().filename().string().substr(8, 4) == ".dat") {
	if (it->path().filename().string().substr(0, 3) == "blk") {
	mapBlockFiles[it->path().filename().string().substr(3, 5)] =
	it->path();
	} else if (it->path().filename().string().substr(0, 3) == "rev") {
	remove(it->path());
	}
	}
	}

	// Remove all block files that aren't part of a contiguous set starting at
	// zero by walking the ordered map (keys are block file indices) by keeping
	// a separate counter. Once we hit a gap (or if 0 doesn't exist) start
	// removing block files.
	int nContigCounter = 0;
	for (const std::pair<std::string, fs::path> &item : mapBlockFiles) {
	if (atoi(item.first) == nContigCounter) {
	nContigCounter++;
	continue;
	}
	remove(item.second);
	}
	}

	void ThreadImport(const Config &config, std::vector<fs::path> vImportFiles) {
	RenameThread("bitcoin-loadblk");

	{
	CImportingNow imp;

	// -reindex
	if (fReindex) {
	int nFile = 0;
	while (true) {
	CDiskBlockPos pos(nFile, 0);
	if (!fs::exists(GetBlockPosFilename(pos, "blk"))) {
	// No block files left to reindex
	break;
	}
	FILE *file = OpenBlockFile(pos, true);
	if (!file) {
	// This error is logged in OpenBlockFile
	break;
	}
	LogPrintf("Reindexing block file blk%05u.dat...\n",
	(unsigned int)nFile);
	LoadExternalBlockFile(config, file, &pos);
	nFile++;
	}
	pblocktree->WriteReindexing(false);
	fReindex = false;
	LogPrintf("Reindexing finished\n");
	// To avoid ending up in a situation without genesis block, re-try
	// initializing (no-op if reindexing worked):
	LoadGenesisBlock(config.GetChainParams());
	}

	// hardcoded $DATADIR/bootstrap.dat
	fs::path pathBootstrap = GetDataDir() / "bootstrap.dat";
	if (fs::exists(pathBootstrap)) {
	FILE *file = fsbridge::fopen(pathBootstrap, "rb");
	if (file) {
	fs::path pathBootstrapOld = GetDataDir() / "bootstrap.dat.old";
	LogPrintf("Importing bootstrap.dat...\n");
	LoadExternalBlockFile(config, file);
	RenameOver(pathBootstrap, pathBootstrapOld);
	} else {
	LogPrintf("Warning: Could not open bootstrap file %s\n",
	pathBootstrap.string());
	}
	}

	// -loadblock=
	for (const fs::path &path : vImportFiles) {
	FILE *file = fsbridge::fopen(path, "rb");
	if (file) {
	LogPrintf("Importing blocks file %s...\n", path.string());
	LoadExternalBlockFile(config, file);
	} else {
	LogPrintf("Warning: Could not open blocks file %s\n",
	path.string());
	}
	}

	// scan for better chains in the block chain database, that are not yet
	// connected in the active best chain
	CValidationState state;
	if (!ActivateBestChain(config, state)) {
	LogPrintf("Failed to connect best block");
	StartShutdown();
	}

	if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-stopafterblockimport",
	DEFAULT_STOPAFTERBLOCKIMPORT)) {
	LogPrintf("Stopping after block import\n");
	StartShutdown();
	}
	} // End scope of CImportingNow
	if (gArgs.GetArg("-persistmempool", DEFAULT_PERSIST_MEMPOOL)) {
	LoadMempool(config);
	fDumpMempoolLater = !fRequestShutdown;
	}
	}

	/** Sanity checks
	* Ensure that Bitcoin is running in a usable environment with all
	* necessary library support.
	*/
	bool InitSanityCheck(void) {
	if (!ECC_InitSanityCheck()) {
	InitError(
	"Elliptic curve cryptography sanity check failure. Aborting.");
	return false;
	}

	if (!glibc_sanity_test() \|\| !glibcxx_sanity_test()) {
	return false;
	}

	if (!Random_SanityCheck()) {
	InitError("OS cryptographic RNG sanity check failure. Aborting.");
	return false;
	}

	return true;
	}

	static bool AppInitServers(Config &config,
	HTTPRPCRequestProcessor &httpRPCRequestProcessor) {
	RPCServerSignals::OnStarted(&OnRPCStarted);
	RPCServerSignals::OnStopped(&OnRPCStopped);
	if (!InitHTTPServer(config)) {
	return false;
	}
	if (!StartRPC()) {
	return false;
	}
	if (!StartHTTPRPC(config, httpRPCRequestProcessor)) {
	return false;
	}
	if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-rest", DEFAULT_REST_ENABLE) && !StartREST()) {
	return false;
	}
	if (!StartHTTPServer()) {
	return false;
	}
	return true;
	}

	// Parameter interaction based on rules
	void InitParameterInteraction() {
	// when specifying an explicit binding address, you want to listen on it
	// even when -connect or -proxy is specified.
	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-bind")) {
	if (gArgs.SoftSetBoolArg("-listen", true)) {
	LogPrintf(
	"%s: parameter interaction: -bind set -> setting -listen=1\n",
	__func__);
	}
	}
	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-whitebind")) {
	if (gArgs.SoftSetBoolArg("-listen", true)) {
	LogPrintf("%s: parameter interaction: -whitebind set -> setting "
	"-listen=1\n",
	__func__);
	}
	}

	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-connect")) {
	// when only connecting to trusted nodes, do not seed via DNS, or listen
	// by default.
	if (gArgs.SoftSetBoolArg("-dnsseed", false)) {
	LogPrintf("%s: parameter interaction: -connect set -> setting "
	"-dnsseed=0\n",
	__func__);
	}
	if (gArgs.SoftSetBoolArg("-listen", false)) {
	LogPrintf("%s: parameter interaction: -connect set -> setting "
	"-listen=0\n",
	__func__);
	}
	}

	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-proxy")) {
	// to protect privacy, do not listen by default if a default proxy
	// server is specified.
	if (gArgs.SoftSetBoolArg("-listen", false)) {
	LogPrintf(
	"%s: parameter interaction: -proxy set -> setting -listen=0\n",
	__func__);
	}
	// to protect privacy, do not use UPNP when a proxy is set. The user may
	// still specify -listen=1 to listen locally, so don't rely on this
	// happening through -listen below.
	if (gArgs.SoftSetBoolArg("-upnp", false)) {
	LogPrintf(
	"%s: parameter interaction: -proxy set -> setting -upnp=0\n",
	__func__);
	}
	// to protect privacy, do not discover addresses by default
	if (gArgs.SoftSetBoolArg("-discover", false)) {
	LogPrintf("%s: parameter interaction: -proxy set -> setting "
	"-discover=0\n",
	__func__);
	}
	}

	if (!gArgs.GetBoolArg("-listen", DEFAULT_LISTEN)) {
	// do not map ports or try to retrieve public IP when not listening
	// (pointless)
	if (gArgs.SoftSetBoolArg("-upnp", false)) {
	LogPrintf(
	"%s: parameter interaction: -listen=0 -> setting -upnp=0\n",
	__func__);
	}
	if (gArgs.SoftSetBoolArg("-discover", false)) {
	LogPrintf(
	"%s: parameter interaction: -listen=0 -> setting -discover=0\n",
	__func__);
	}
	if (gArgs.SoftSetBoolArg("-listenonion", false)) {
	LogPrintf("%s: parameter interaction: -listen=0 -> setting "
	"-listenonion=0\n",
	__func__);
	}
	}

	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-externalip")) {
	// if an explicit public IP is specified, do not try to find others
	if (gArgs.SoftSetBoolArg("-discover", false)) {
	LogPrintf("%s: parameter interaction: -externalip set -> setting "
	"-discover=0\n",
	__func__);
	}
	}

	// disable whitelistrelay in blocksonly mode
	if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-blocksonly", DEFAULT_BLOCKSONLY)) {
	if (gArgs.SoftSetBoolArg("-whitelistrelay", false)) {
	LogPrintf("%s: parameter interaction: -blocksonly=1 -> setting "
	"-whitelistrelay=0\n",
	__func__);
	}
	}

	// Forcing relay from whitelisted hosts implies we will accept relays from
	// them in the first place.
	if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-whitelistforcerelay", DEFAULT_WHITELISTFORCERELAY)) {
	if (gArgs.SoftSetBoolArg("-whitelistrelay", true)) {
	LogPrintf("%s: parameter interaction: -whitelistforcerelay=1 -> "
	"setting -whitelistrelay=1\n",
	__func__);
	}
	}

	// Warn if network-specific options (-addnode, -connect, etc) are
	// specified in default section of config file, but not overridden
	// on the command line or in this network's section of the config file.
	gArgs.WarnForSectionOnlyArgs();
	}

	static std::string ResolveErrMsg(const char *const optname,
	const std::string &strBind) {
	return strprintf(_("Cannot resolve -%s address: '%s'"), optname, strBind);
	}

	void InitLogging() {
	BCLog::Logger &logger = GetLogger();
	logger.m_print_to_console = gArgs.GetBoolArg("-printtoconsole", false);
	logger.m_log_timestamps =
	gArgs.GetBoolArg("-logtimestamps", DEFAULT_LOGTIMESTAMPS);
	logger.m_log_time_micros =
	gArgs.GetBoolArg("-logtimemicros", DEFAULT_LOGTIMEMICROS);

	fLogIPs = gArgs.GetBoolArg("-logips", DEFAULT_LOGIPS);

	LogPrintf("\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n");
	LogPrintf("%s version %s\n", CLIENT_NAME, FormatFullVersion());
	}

	namespace { // Variables internal to initialization process only

	int nMaxConnections;
	int nUserMaxConnections;
	int nFD;
	ServiceFlags nLocalServices = ServiceFlags(NODE_NETWORK \| NODE_NETWORK_LIMITED);
	} // namespace

	[[noreturn]] static void new_handler_terminate() {
	// Rather than throwing std::bad-alloc if allocation fails, terminate
	// immediately to (try to) avoid chain corruption. Since LogPrintf may
	// itself allocate memory, set the handler directly to terminate first.
	std::set_new_handler(std::terminate);
	LogPrintf("Error: Out of memory. Terminating.\n");

	// The log was successful, terminate now.
	std::terminate();
	};

	bool AppInitBasicSetup() {
	// Step 1: setup
	#ifdef _MSC_VER
	// Turn off Microsoft heap dump noise
	_CrtSetReportMode(_CRT_WARN, _CRTDBG_MODE_FILE);
	_CrtSetReportFile(_CRT_WARN, CreateFileA("NUL", GENERIC_WRITE, 0, nullptr,
	OPEN_EXISTING, 0, 0));
	#endif
	#if _MSC_VER >= 1400
	// Disable confusing "helpful" text message on abort, Ctrl-C
	_set_abort_behavior(0, _WRITE_ABORT_MSG \| _CALL_REPORTFAULT);
	#endif
	#ifdef WIN32
	// Enable Data Execution Prevention (DEP)
	// Minimum supported OS versions: WinXP SP3, WinVista >= SP1, Win Server 2008
	// A failure is non-critical and needs no further attention!
	#ifndef PROCESS_DEP_ENABLE
	// We define this here, because GCCs winbase.h limits this to _WIN32_WINNT >=
	// 0x0601 (Windows 7), which is not correct. Can be removed, when GCCs winbase.h
	// is fixed!
	#define PROCESS_DEP_ENABLE 0x00000001
	#endif
	typedef BOOL(WINAPI * PSETPROCDEPPOL)(DWORD);
	PSETPROCDEPPOL setProcDEPPol = (PSETPROCDEPPOL)GetProcAddress(
	GetModuleHandleA("Kernel32.dll"), "SetProcessDEPPolicy");
	if (setProcDEPPol != nullptr) {
	setProcDEPPol(PROCESS_DEP_ENABLE);
	}
	#endif

	if (!SetupNetworking()) {
	return InitError("Initializing networking failed");
	}

	#ifndef WIN32
	if (!gArgs.GetBoolArg("-sysperms", false)) {
	umask(077);
	}

	// Clean shutdown on SIGTERM
	struct sigaction sa;
	sa.sa_handler = HandleSIGTERM;
	sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask);
	sa.sa_flags = 0;
	sigaction(SIGTERM, &sa, nullptr);
	sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, nullptr);

	// Reopen debug.log on SIGHUP
	struct sigaction sa_hup;
	sa_hup.sa_handler = HandleSIGHUP;
	sigemptyset(&sa_hup.sa_mask);
	sa_hup.sa_flags = 0;
	sigaction(SIGHUP, &sa_hup, nullptr);

	// Ignore SIGPIPE, otherwise it will bring the daemon down if the client
	// closes unexpectedly
	signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
	#endif

	std::set_new_handler(new_handler_terminate);

	return true;
	}

	bool AppInitParameterInteraction(Config &config, RPCServer &rpcServer) {
	const CChainParams &chainparams = config.GetChainParams();
	// Step 2: parameter interactions

	// also see: InitParameterInteraction()

	// if using block pruning, then disallow txindex
	if (gArgs.GetArg("-prune", 0)) {
	if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-txindex", DEFAULT_TXINDEX)) {
	return InitError(_("Prune mode is incompatible with -txindex."));
	}
	}

	// if space reserved for high priority transactions is misconfigured
	// stop program execution and warn the user with a proper error message
	const int64_t blkprio = gArgs.GetArg("-blockprioritypercentage",
	DEFAULT_BLOCK_PRIORITY_PERCENTAGE);
	if (!config.SetBlockPriorityPercentage(blkprio)) {
	return InitError(_("Block priority percentage has to belong to the "
	"[0..100] interval."));
	}

	// -bind and -whitebind can't be set when not listening
	size_t nUserBind =
	gArgs.GetArgs("-bind").size() + gArgs.GetArgs("-whitebind").size();
	if (nUserBind != 0 && !gArgs.GetBoolArg("-listen", DEFAULT_LISTEN)) {
	return InitError(
	"Cannot set -bind or -whitebind together with -listen=0");
	}

	// Make sure enough file descriptors are available
	int nBind = std::max(nUserBind, size_t(1));
	nUserMaxConnections =
	gArgs.GetArg("-maxconnections", DEFAULT_MAX_PEER_CONNECTIONS);
	nMaxConnections = std::max(nUserMaxConnections, 0);

	// Trim requested connection counts, to fit into system limitations
	nMaxConnections =
	std::max(std::min(nMaxConnections,
	(int)(FD_SETSIZE - nBind - MIN_CORE_FILEDESCRIPTORS -
	MAX_ADDNODE_CONNECTIONS)),
	0);
	nFD = RaiseFileDescriptorLimit(nMaxConnections + MIN_CORE_FILEDESCRIPTORS +
	MAX_ADDNODE_CONNECTIONS);
	if (nFD < MIN_CORE_FILEDESCRIPTORS) {
	return InitError(_("Not enough file descriptors available."));
	}
	nMaxConnections =
	std::min(nFD - MIN_CORE_FILEDESCRIPTORS - MAX_ADDNODE_CONNECTIONS,
	nMaxConnections);

	if (nMaxConnections < nUserMaxConnections) {
	InitWarning(strprintf(_("Reducing -maxconnections from %d to %d, "
	"because of system limitations."),
	nUserMaxConnections, nMaxConnections));
	}

	// Step 3: parameter-to-internal-flags
	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-debug")) {
	// Special-case: if -debug=0/-nodebug is set, turn off debugging
	// messages
	const std::vector<std::string> &categories = gArgs.GetArgs("-debug");
	if (find(categories.begin(), categories.end(), std::string("0")) ==
	categories.end()) {
	for (const auto &cat : categories) {
	BCLog::LogFlags flag;
	if (!GetLogCategory(flag, cat)) {
	InitWarning(
	strprintf(_("Unsupported logging category %s=%s."),
	"-debug", cat));
	}
	GetLogger().EnableCategory(flag);
	}
	}
	}

	// Now remove the logging categories which were explicitly excluded
	for (const std::string &cat : gArgs.GetArgs("-debugexclude")) {
	BCLog::LogFlags flag;
	if (!GetLogCategory(flag, cat)) {
	InitWarning(strprintf(_("Unsupported logging category %s=%s."),
	"-debugexclude", cat));
	}
	GetLogger().DisableCategory(flag);
	}

	// Check for -debugnet
	if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-debugnet", false)) {
	InitWarning(
	_("Unsupported argument -debugnet ignored, use -debug=net."));
	}
	// Check for -socks - as this is a privacy risk to continue, exit here
	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-socks")) {
	return InitError(
	_("Unsupported argument -socks found. Setting SOCKS version isn't "
	"possible anymore, only SOCKS5 proxies are supported."));
	}
	// Check for -tor - as this is a privacy risk to continue, exit here
	if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-tor", false)) {
	return InitError(_("Unsupported argument -tor found, use -onion."));
	}

	if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-benchmark", false)) {
	InitWarning(
	_("Unsupported argument -benchmark ignored, use -debug=bench."));
	}

	if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-whitelistalwaysrelay", false)) {
	InitWarning(_("Unsupported argument -whitelistalwaysrelay ignored, use "
	"-whitelistrelay and/or -whitelistforcerelay."));
	}

	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-blockminsize")) {
	InitWarning("Unsupported argument -blockminsize ignored.");
	}

	// Checkmempool and checkblockindex default to true in regtest mode
	int ratio = std::min<int>(
	std::max<int>(
	gArgs.GetArg("-checkmempool",
	chainparams.DefaultConsistencyChecks() ? 1 : 0),
	0),
	1000000);
	if (ratio != 0) {
	g_mempool.setSanityCheck(1.0 / ratio);
	}
	fCheckBlockIndex = gArgs.GetBoolArg("-checkblockindex",
	chainparams.DefaultConsistencyChecks());
	fCheckpointsEnabled =
	gArgs.GetBoolArg("-checkpoints", DEFAULT_CHECKPOINTS_ENABLED);
	if (fCheckpointsEnabled) {
	LogPrintf("Checkpoints will be verified.\n");
	} else {
	LogPrintf("Skipping checkpoint verification.\n");
	}

	hashAssumeValid = uint256S(
	gArgs.GetArg("-assumevalid",
	chainparams.GetConsensus().defaultAssumeValid.GetHex()));
	if (!hashAssumeValid.IsNull()) {
	LogPrintf("Assuming ancestors of block %s have valid signatures.\n",
	hashAssumeValid.GetHex());
	} else {
	LogPrintf("Validating signatures for all blocks.\n");
	}

	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-minimumchainwork")) {
	const std::string minChainWorkStr =
	gArgs.GetArg("-minimumchainwork", "");
	if (!IsHexNumber(minChainWorkStr)) {
	return InitError(strprintf(
	"Invalid non-hex (%s) minimum chain work value specified",
	minChainWorkStr));
	}
	nMinimumChainWork = UintToArith256(uint256S(minChainWorkStr));
	} else {
	nMinimumChainWork =
	UintToArith256(chainparams.GetConsensus().nMinimumChainWork);
	}
	LogPrintf("Setting nMinimumChainWork=%s\n", nMinimumChainWork.GetHex());
	if (nMinimumChainWork <
	UintToArith256(chainparams.GetConsensus().nMinimumChainWork)) {
	LogPrintf("Warning: nMinimumChainWork set below default value of %s\n",
	chainparams.GetConsensus().nMinimumChainWork.GetHex());
	}

	// mempool limits
	int64_t nMempoolSizeMax =
	gArgs.GetArg("-maxmempool", DEFAULT_MAX_MEMPOOL_SIZE) * 1000000;
	int64_t nMempoolSizeMin =
	gArgs.GetArg("-limitdescendantsize", DEFAULT_DESCENDANT_SIZE_LIMIT) *
	1000 * 40;
	if (nMempoolSizeMax < 0 \|\| nMempoolSizeMax < nMempoolSizeMin) {
	return InitError(strprintf(_("-maxmempool must be at least %d MB"),
	std::ceil(nMempoolSizeMin / 1000000.0)));
	}

	// -par=0 means autodetect, but nScriptCheckThreads==0 means no concurrency
	nScriptCheckThreads = gArgs.GetArg("-par", DEFAULT_SCRIPTCHECK_THREADS);
	if (nScriptCheckThreads <= 0) {
	nScriptCheckThreads += GetNumCores();
	}
	if (nScriptCheckThreads <= 1) {
	nScriptCheckThreads = 0;
	} else if (nScriptCheckThreads > MAX_SCRIPTCHECK_THREADS) {
	nScriptCheckThreads = MAX_SCRIPTCHECK_THREADS;
	}

	// Configure excessive block size.
	const uint64_t nProposedExcessiveBlockSize =
	gArgs.GetArg("-excessiveblocksize", DEFAULT_MAX_BLOCK_SIZE);
	if (!config.SetMaxBlockSize(nProposedExcessiveBlockSize)) {
	return InitError(
	_("Excessive block size must be > 1,000,000 bytes (1MB)"));
	}

	// Check blockmaxsize does not exceed maximum accepted block size.
	const uint64_t nProposedMaxGeneratedBlockSize =
	gArgs.GetArg("-blockmaxsize", DEFAULT_MAX_GENERATED_BLOCK_SIZE);
	if (nProposedMaxGeneratedBlockSize > config.GetMaxBlockSize()) {
	auto msg = _("Max generated block size (blockmaxsize) cannot exceed "
	"the excessive block size (excessiveblocksize)");
	return InitError(msg);
	}

	// block pruning; get the amount of disk space (in MiB) to allot for block &
	// undo files
	int64_t nPruneArg = gArgs.GetArg("-prune", 0);
	if (nPruneArg < 0) {
	return InitError(
	_("Prune cannot be configured with a negative value."));
	}
	nPruneTarget = (uint64_t)nPruneArg * 1024 * 1024;
	if (nPruneArg == 1) {
	// manual pruning: -prune=1
	LogPrintf("Block pruning enabled. Use RPC call "
	"pruneblockchain(height) to manually prune block and undo "
	"files.\n");
	nPruneTarget = std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max();
	fPruneMode = true;
	} else if (nPruneTarget) {
	if (nPruneTarget < MIN_DISK_SPACE_FOR_BLOCK_FILES) {
	return InitError(
	strprintf(_("Prune configured below the minimum of %d MiB. "
	"Please use a higher number."),
	MIN_DISK_SPACE_FOR_BLOCK_FILES / 1024 / 1024));
	}
	LogPrintf("Prune configured to target %uMiB on disk for block and undo "
	"files.\n",
	nPruneTarget / 1024 / 1024);
	fPruneMode = true;
	}

	RegisterAllRPCCommands(config, rpcServer, tableRPC);
	g_wallet_init_interface->RegisterRPC(tableRPC);
	#ifdef ENABLE_WALLET
	RegisterDumpRPCCommands(tableRPC);
	#endif

	nConnectTimeout = gArgs.GetArg("-timeout", DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT);
	if (nConnectTimeout <= 0) {
	nConnectTimeout = DEFAULT_CONNECT_TIMEOUT;
	}

	// Obtain the amount to charge excess UTXO
	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-excessutxocharge")) {
	Amount n = Amount::zero();
	auto parsed = ParseMoney(gArgs.GetArg("-excessutxocharge", ""), n);
	if (!parsed \|\| Amount::zero() > n) {
	return InitError(AmountErrMsg(
	"excessutxocharge", gArgs.GetArg("-excessutxocharge", "")));
	}
	config.SetExcessUTXOCharge(n);
	} else {
	config.SetExcessUTXOCharge(DEFAULT_UTXO_FEE);
	}

	// Fee-per-kilobyte amount considered the same as "free". If you are mining,
	// be careful setting this: if you set it to zero then a transaction spammer
	// can cheaply fill blocks using 1-satoshi-fee transactions. It should be
	// set above the real cost to you of processing a transaction.
	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-minrelaytxfee")) {
	Amount n = Amount::zero();
	auto parsed = ParseMoney(gArgs.GetArg("-minrelaytxfee", ""), n);
	if (!parsed \|\| Amount::zero() == n) {
	return InitError(AmountErrMsg("minrelaytxfee",
	gArgs.GetArg("-minrelaytxfee", "")));
	}
	// High fee check is done afterward in WalletParameterInteraction()
	config.SetMinFeePerKB(CFeeRate(n));
	} else {
	config.SetMinFeePerKB(CFeeRate(DEFAULT_MIN_RELAY_TX_FEE_PER_KB));
	}

	// Sanity check argument for min fee for including tx in block
	// TODO: Harmonize which arguments need sanity checking and where that
	// happens.
	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-blockmintxfee")) {
	Amount n = Amount::zero();
	if (!ParseMoney(gArgs.GetArg("-blockmintxfee", ""), n)) {
	return InitError(AmountErrMsg("blockmintxfee",
	gArgs.GetArg("-blockmintxfee", "")));
	}
	}

	// Feerate used to define dust. Shouldn't be changed lightly as old
	// implementations may inadvertently create non-standard transactions.
	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-dustrelayfee")) {
	Amount n = Amount::zero();
	auto parsed = ParseMoney(gArgs.GetArg("-dustrelayfee", ""), n);
	if (!parsed \|\| Amount::zero() == n) {
	return InitError(AmountErrMsg("dustrelayfee",
	gArgs.GetArg("-dustrelayfee", "")));
	}
	dustRelayFee = CFeeRate(n);
	}

	fRequireStandard =
	!gArgs.GetBoolArg("-acceptnonstdtxn", !chainparams.RequireStandard());
	if (chainparams.RequireStandard() && !fRequireStandard) {
	return InitError(
	strprintf("acceptnonstdtxn is not currently supported for %s chain",
	chainparams.NetworkIDString()));
	}
	nBytesPerSigOp = gArgs.GetArg("-bytespersigop", nBytesPerSigOp);

	if (!g_wallet_init_interface->ParameterInteraction()) {
	return false;
	}

	fIsBareMultisigStd =
	gArgs.GetBoolArg("-permitbaremultisig", DEFAULT_PERMIT_BAREMULTISIG);
	fAcceptDatacarrier =
	gArgs.GetBoolArg("-datacarrier", DEFAULT_ACCEPT_DATACARRIER);

	// Option to startup with mocktime set (used for regression testing):
	SetMockTime(gArgs.GetArg("-mocktime", 0)); // SetMockTime(0) is a no-op

	if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-peerbloomfilters", DEFAULT_PEERBLOOMFILTERS)) {
	nLocalServices = ServiceFlags(nLocalServices \| NODE_BLOOM);
	}

	// Signal Bitcoin Cash support.
	// TODO: remove some time after the hardfork when no longer needed
	// to differentiate the network nodes.
	nLocalServices = ServiceFlags(nLocalServices \| NODE_BITCOIN_CASH);

	nMaxTipAge = gArgs.GetArg("-maxtipage", DEFAULT_MAX_TIP_AGE);

	return true;
	}

	static bool LockDataDirectory(bool probeOnly) {
	std::string strDataDir = GetDataDir().string();

	// Make sure only a single Bitcoin process is using the data directory.
	fs::path pathLockFile = GetDataDir() / ".lock";
	// empty lock file; created if it doesn't exist.
	FILE *file = fsbridge::fopen(pathLockFile, "a");
	if (file) {
	fclose(file);
	}

	try {
	static boost::interprocess::file_lock lock(
	pathLockFile.string().c_str());
	if (!lock.try_lock()) {
	return InitError(
	strprintf(_("Cannot obtain a lock on data directory %s. %s is "
	"probably already running."),
	strDataDir, _(PACKAGE_NAME)));
	}
	if (probeOnly) {
	lock.unlock();
	}
	} catch (const boost::interprocess::interprocess_exception &e) {
	return InitError(strprintf(_("Cannot obtain a lock on data directory "
	"%s. %s is probably already running.") +
	" %s.",
	strDataDir, _(PACKAGE_NAME), e.what()));
	}
	return true;
	}

	bool AppInitSanityChecks() {
	// Step 4: sanity checks

	// Initialize elliptic curve code
	std::string sha256_algo = SHA256AutoDetect();
	LogPrintf("Using the '%s' SHA256 implementation\n", sha256_algo);
	RandomInit();
	ECC_Start();
	globalVerifyHandle.reset(new ECCVerifyHandle());

	// Sanity check
	if (!InitSanityCheck()) {
	return InitError(strprintf(
	_("Initialization sanity check failed. %s is shutting down."),
	_(PACKAGE_NAME)));
	}

	// Probe the data directory lock to give an early error message, if possible
	// We cannot hold the data directory lock here, as the forking for daemon()
	// hasn't yet happened, and a fork will cause weird behavior to it.
	return LockDataDirectory(true);
	}

	bool AppInitLockDataDirectory() {
	// After daemonization get the data directory lock again and hold on to it
	// until exit. This creates a slight window for a race condition to happen,
	// however this condition is harmless: it will at most make us exit without
	// printing a message to console.
	if (!LockDataDirectory(false)) {
	// Detailed error printed inside LockDataDirectory
	return false;
	}
	return true;
	}

	bool AppInitMain(Config &config,
	HTTPRPCRequestProcessor &httpRPCRequestProcessor) {
	// Step 4a: application initialization
	const CChainParams &chainparams = config.GetChainParams();

	#ifndef WIN32
	CreatePidFile(GetPidFile(), getpid());
	#endif

	BCLog::Logger &logger = GetLogger();

	bool default_shrinkdebugfile = logger.DefaultShrinkDebugFile();
	if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-shrinkdebugfile", default_shrinkdebugfile)) {
	// Do this first since it both loads a bunch of debug.log into memory,
	// and because this needs to happen before any other debug.log printing.
	logger.ShrinkDebugFile();
	}

	if (logger.m_print_to_file) {
	if (!logger.OpenDebugLog()) {
	return InitError(strprintf("Could not open debug log file %s",
	logger.GetDebugLogPath().string()));
	}
	}

	if (!logger.m_log_timestamps) {
	LogPrintf("Startup time: %s\n", FormatISO8601DateTime(GetTime()));
	}
	LogPrintf("Default data directory %s\n", GetDefaultDataDir().string());
	LogPrintf("Using data directory %s\n", GetDataDir().string());
	LogPrintf(
	"Using config file %s\n",
	GetConfigFile(gArgs.GetArg("-conf", BITCOIN_CONF_FILENAME)).string());
	LogPrintf("Using at most %i automatic connections (%i file descriptors "
	"available)\n",
	nMaxConnections, nFD);

	// Warn about relative -datadir path.
	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-datadir") &&
	!fs::path(gArgs.GetArg("-datadir", "")).is_absolute()) {
	LogPrintf("Warning: relative datadir option '%s' specified, which will "
	"be interpreted relative to the current working directory "
	"'%s'. This is fragile, because if bitcoin is started in the "
	"future from a different location, it will be unable to "
	"locate the current data files. There could also be data "
	"loss if bitcoin is started while in a temporary "
	"directory.\n",
	gArgs.GetArg("-datadir", ""), fs::current_path().string());
	}

	InitSignatureCache();
	InitScriptExecutionCache();

	LogPrintf("Using %u threads for script verification\n",
	nScriptCheckThreads);
	if (nScriptCheckThreads) {
	for (int i = 0; i < nScriptCheckThreads - 1; i++) {
	threadGroup.create_thread(&ThreadScriptCheck);
	}
	}

	// Start the lightweight task scheduler thread
	CScheduler::Function serviceLoop =
	boost::bind(&CScheduler::serviceQueue, &scheduler);
	threadGroup.create_thread(boost::bind(&TraceThread<CScheduler::Function>,
	"scheduler", serviceLoop));

	GetMainSignals().RegisterBackgroundSignalScheduler(scheduler);
	GetMainSignals().RegisterWithMempoolSignals(g_mempool);

	/**
	* Start the RPC server. It will be started in "warmup" mode and not
	* process calls yet (but it will verify that the server is there and will
	* be ready later). Warmup mode will be completed when initialisation is
	* finished.
	*/
	if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-server", false)) {
	uiInterface.InitMessage.connect(SetRPCWarmupStatus);
	if (!AppInitServers(config, httpRPCRequestProcessor)) {
	return InitError(
	_("Unable to start HTTP server. See debug log for details."));
	}
	}

	// Step 5: verify wallet database integrity
	if (!g_wallet_init_interface->Verify(chainparams)) {
	return false;
	}

	// Step 6: network initialization

	// Note that we absolutely cannot open any actual connections
	// until the very end ("start node") as the UTXO/block state
	// is not yet setup and may end up being set up twice if we
	// need to reindex later.

	assert(!g_connman);
	g_connman = std::unique_ptr<CConnman>(
	new CConnman(config, GetRand(std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max()),
	GetRand(std::numeric_limits<uint64_t>::max())));
	CConnman &connman = *g_connman;

	peerLogic.reset(new PeerLogicValidation(&connman, scheduler));
	RegisterValidationInterface(peerLogic.get());

	// sanitize comments per BIP-0014, format user agent and check total size
	std::vector<std::string> uacomments;
	for (const std::string &cmt : gArgs.GetArgs("-uacomment")) {
	if (cmt != SanitizeString(cmt, SAFE_CHARS_UA_COMMENT))
	return InitError(strprintf(
	_("User Agent comment (%s) contains unsafe characters."), cmt));
	uacomments.push_back(cmt);
	}
	const std::string strSubVersion =
	FormatSubVersion(CLIENT_NAME, CLIENT_VERSION, uacomments);
	if (strSubVersion.size() > MAX_SUBVERSION_LENGTH) {
	return InitError(strprintf(
	_("Total length of network version string (%i) exceeds maximum "
	"length (%i). Reduce the number or size of uacomments."),
	strSubVersion.size(), MAX_SUBVERSION_LENGTH));
	}

	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-onlynet")) {
	std::set<enum Network> nets;
	for (const std::string &snet : gArgs.GetArgs("-onlynet")) {
	enum Network net = ParseNetwork(snet);
	if (net == NET_UNROUTABLE) {
	return InitError(strprintf(
	_("Unknown network specified in -onlynet: '%s'"), snet));
	}
	nets.insert(net);
	}
	for (int n = 0; n < NET_MAX; n++) {
	enum Network net = (enum Network)n;
	if (!nets.count(net)) SetLimited(net);
	}
	}

	// Check for host lookup allowed before parsing any network related
	// parameters
	fNameLookup = gArgs.GetBoolArg("-dns", DEFAULT_NAME_LOOKUP);

	bool proxyRandomize =
	gArgs.GetBoolArg("-proxyrandomize", DEFAULT_PROXYRANDOMIZE);
	// -proxy sets a proxy for all outgoing network traffic
	// -noproxy (or -proxy=0) as well as the empty string can be used to not set
	// a proxy, this is the default
	std::string proxyArg = gArgs.GetArg("-proxy", "");
	SetLimited(NET_TOR);
	if (proxyArg != "" && proxyArg != "0") {
	CService proxyAddr;
	if (!Lookup(proxyArg.c_str(), proxyAddr, 9050, fNameLookup)) {
	return InitError(strprintf(
	_("Invalid -proxy address or hostname: '%s'"), proxyArg));
	}

	proxyType addrProxy = proxyType(proxyAddr, proxyRandomize);
	if (!addrProxy.IsValid()) {
	return InitError(strprintf(
	_("Invalid -proxy address or hostname: '%s'"), proxyArg));
	}

	SetProxy(NET_IPV4, addrProxy);
	SetProxy(NET_IPV6, addrProxy);
	SetProxy(NET_TOR, addrProxy);
	SetNameProxy(addrProxy);
	// by default, -proxy sets onion as reachable, unless -noonion later
	SetLimited(NET_TOR, false);
	}

	// -onion can be used to set only a proxy for .onion, or override normal
	// proxy for .onion addresses.
	// -noonion (or -onion=0) disables connecting to .onion entirely. An empty
	// string is used to not override the onion proxy (in which case it defaults
	// to -proxy set above, or none)
	std::string onionArg = gArgs.GetArg("-onion", "");
	if (onionArg != "") {
	if (onionArg == "0") { // Handle -noonion/-onion=0
	SetLimited(NET_TOR); // set onions as unreachable
	} else {
	CService onionProxy;
	if (!Lookup(onionArg.c_str(), onionProxy, 9050, fNameLookup)) {
	return InitError(strprintf(
	_("Invalid -onion address or hostname: '%s'"), onionArg));
	}
	proxyType addrOnion = proxyType(onionProxy, proxyRandomize);
	if (!addrOnion.IsValid()) {
	return InitError(strprintf(
	_("Invalid -onion address or hostname: '%s'"), onionArg));
	}
	SetProxy(NET_TOR, addrOnion);
	SetLimited(NET_TOR, false);
	}
	}

	// see Step 2: parameter interactions for more information about these
	fListen = gArgs.GetBoolArg("-listen", DEFAULT_LISTEN);
	fDiscover = gArgs.GetBoolArg("-discover", true);
	fRelayTxes = !gArgs.GetBoolArg("-blocksonly", DEFAULT_BLOCKSONLY);

	for (const std::string &strAddr : gArgs.GetArgs("-externalip")) {
	CService addrLocal;
	if (Lookup(strAddr.c_str(), addrLocal, GetListenPort(), fNameLookup) &&
	addrLocal.IsValid()) {
	AddLocal(addrLocal, LOCAL_MANUAL);
	} else {
	return InitError(ResolveErrMsg("externalip", strAddr));
	}
	}

	#if ENABLE_ZMQ
	pzmqNotificationInterface = CZMQNotificationInterface::Create();

	if (pzmqNotificationInterface) {
	RegisterValidationInterface(pzmqNotificationInterface);
	}
	#endif
	// unlimited unless -maxuploadtarget is set
	uint64_t nMaxOutboundLimit = 0;
	uint64_t nMaxOutboundTimeframe = MAX_UPLOAD_TIMEFRAME;

	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-maxuploadtarget")) {
	nMaxOutboundLimit =
	gArgs.GetArg("-maxuploadtarget", DEFAULT_MAX_UPLOAD_TARGET) * 1024 *
	1024;
	}

	// Step 7: load block chain

	fReindex = gArgs.GetBoolArg("-reindex", false);
	bool fReindexChainState = gArgs.GetBoolArg("-reindex-chainstate", false);

	// cache size calculations
	int64_t nTotalCache = (gArgs.GetArg("-dbcache", nDefaultDbCache) << 20);
	// total cache cannot be less than nMinDbCache
	nTotalCache = std::max(nTotalCache, nMinDbCache << 20);
	// total cache cannot be greater than nMaxDbcache
	nTotalCache = std::min(nTotalCache, nMaxDbCache << 20);
	int64_t nBlockTreeDBCache = nTotalCache / 8;
	nBlockTreeDBCache = std::min(nBlockTreeDBCache,
	(gArgs.GetBoolArg("-txindex", DEFAULT_TXINDEX)
	? nMaxBlockDBAndTxIndexCache
	: nMaxBlockDBCache)
	<< 20);
	nTotalCache -= nBlockTreeDBCache;
	// use 25%-50% of the remainder for disk cache
	int64_t nCoinDBCache =
	std::min(nTotalCache / 2, (nTotalCache / 4) + (1 << 23));
	// cap total coins db cache
	nCoinDBCache = std::min(nCoinDBCache, nMaxCoinsDBCache << 20);
	nTotalCache -= nCoinDBCache;
	// the rest goes to in-memory cache
	nCoinCacheUsage = nTotalCache;
	int64_t nMempoolSizeMax =
	gArgs.GetArg("-maxmempool", DEFAULT_MAX_MEMPOOL_SIZE) * 1000000;
	LogPrintf("Cache configuration:\n");
	LogPrintf("* Using %.1fMiB for block index database\n",
	nBlockTreeDBCache * (1.0 / 1024 / 1024));
	LogPrintf("* Using %.1fMiB for chain state database\n",
	nCoinDBCache * (1.0 / 1024 / 1024));
	LogPrintf("* Using %.1fMiB for in-memory UTXO set (plus up to %.1fMiB of "
	"unused mempool space)\n",
	nCoinCacheUsage * (1.0 / 1024 / 1024),
	nMempoolSizeMax * (1.0 / 1024 / 1024));

	int64_t nStart = 0;
	bool fLoaded = false;
	while (!fLoaded && !fRequestShutdown) {
	bool fReset = fReindex;
	std::string strLoadError;

	uiInterface.InitMessage(_("Loading block index..."));

	nStart = GetTimeMillis();
	do {
	try {
	UnloadBlockIndex();
	pcoinsTip.reset();
	pcoinsdbview.reset();
	pcoinscatcher.reset();
	pblocktree.reset(
	new CBlockTreeDB(nBlockTreeDBCache, false, fReset));

	if (fReindex) {
	pblocktree->WriteReindexing(true);
	// If we're reindexing in prune mode, wipe away unusable
	// block files and all undo data files
	if (fPruneMode) {
	CleanupBlockRevFiles();
	}
	}

	if (fRequestShutdown) {
	break;
	}

	// LoadBlockIndex will load fTxIndex from the db, or set it if
	// we're reindexing. It will also load fHavePruned if we've
	// ever removed a block file from disk.
	if (!LoadBlockIndex(config)) {
	strLoadError = _("Error loading block database");
	break;
	}

	// If the loaded chain has a wrong genesis, bail out immediately
	// (we're likely using a testnet datadir, or the other way
	// around).
	if (!mapBlockIndex.empty() &&
	mapBlockIndex.count(
	chainparams.GetConsensus().hashGenesisBlock) == 0) {
	return InitError(_("Incorrect or no genesis block found. "
	"Wrong datadir for network?"));
	}

	// Check for changed -txindex state
	if (fTxIndex != gArgs.GetBoolArg("-txindex", DEFAULT_TXINDEX)) {
	strLoadError = _("You need to rebuild the database using "
	"-reindex-chainstate to change -txindex");
	break;
	}

	// Check for changed -prune state. What we are concerned about
	// is a user who has pruned blocks in the past, but is now
	// trying to run unpruned.
	if (fHavePruned && !fPruneMode) {
	strLoadError =
	_("You need to rebuild the database using -reindex to "
	"go back to unpruned mode. This will redownload the "
	"entire blockchain");
	break;
	}

	// At this point blocktree args are consistent with what's on
	// disk. If we're not mid-reindex (based on disk + args), add a
	// genesis block on disk. This is called again in ThreadImport
	// if the reindex completes.
	if (!fReindex && !LoadGenesisBlock(chainparams)) {
	strLoadError = _("Error initializing block database");
	break;
	}

	// At this point we're either in reindex or we've loaded a
	// useful block tree into mapBlockIndex!

	pcoinsdbview.reset(new CCoinsViewDB(
	nCoinDBCache, false, fReset \|\| fReindexChainState));
	pcoinscatcher.reset(
	new CCoinsViewErrorCatcher(pcoinsdbview.get()));

	// If necessary, upgrade from older database format.
	// This is a no-op if we cleared the coinsviewdb with -reindex
	// or -reindex-chainstate
	if (!pcoinsdbview->Upgrade()) {
	strLoadError = _("Error upgrading chainstate database");
	break;
	}

	// ReplayBlocks is a no-op if we cleared the coinsviewdb with
	// -reindex or -reindex-chainstate
	if (!ReplayBlocks(config, pcoinsdbview.get())) {
	strLoadError =
	_("Unable to replay blocks. You will need to rebuild "
	"the database using -reindex-chainstate.");
	break;
	}

	// The on-disk coinsdb is now in a good state, create the cache
	pcoinsTip.reset(new CCoinsViewCache(pcoinscatcher.get()));

	if (!fReindex && !fReindexChainState) {
	// LoadChainTip sets chainActive based on pcoinsTip's best
	// block
	if (!LoadChainTip(config)) {
	strLoadError = _("Error initializing block database");
	break;
	}
	assert(chainActive.Tip() != nullptr);
	}

	if (!fReindex) {
	// Note that RewindBlockIndex MUST run even if we're about
	// to -reindex-chainstate. It both disconnects blocks based
	// on chainActive, and drops block data in mapBlockIndex
	// based on lack of available witness data.
	uiInterface.InitMessage(_("Rewinding blocks..."));
	if (!RewindBlockIndex(config)) {
	strLoadError = _("Unable to rewind the database to a "
	"pre-fork state. You will need to "
	"redownload the blockchain");
	break;
	}
	}

	if (!fReindex && !fReindexChainState) {
	uiInterface.InitMessage(_("Verifying blocks..."));
	if (fHavePruned &&
	gArgs.GetArg("-checkblocks", DEFAULT_CHECKBLOCKS) >
	MIN_BLOCKS_TO_KEEP) {
	LogPrintf("Prune: pruned datadir may not have more "
	"than %d blocks; only checking available "
	"blocks",
	MIN_BLOCKS_TO_KEEP);
	}

	{
	LOCK(cs_main);
	CBlockIndex *tip = chainActive.Tip();
	RPCNotifyBlockChange(true, tip);
	if (tip && tip->nTime > GetAdjustedTime() +
	MAX_FUTURE_BLOCK_TIME) {
	strLoadError =
	_("The block database contains a block which "
	"appears to be from the future. This may be "
	"due to your computer's date and time being "
	"set incorrectly. Only rebuild the block "
	"database if you are sure that your "
	"computer's date and time are correct");
	break;
	}
	}

	if (!CVerifyDB().VerifyDB(
	config, pcoinsdbview.get(),
	gArgs.GetArg("-checklevel", DEFAULT_CHECKLEVEL),
	gArgs.GetArg("-checkblocks",
	DEFAULT_CHECKBLOCKS))) {
	strLoadError = _("Corrupted block database detected");
	break;
	}
	}
	} catch (const std::exception &e) {
	LogPrintf("%s\n", e.what());
	strLoadError = _("Error opening block database");
	break;
	}

	fLoaded = true;
	} while (false);

	if (!fLoaded && !fRequestShutdown) {
	// first suggest a reindex
	if (!fReset) {
	bool fRet = uiInterface.ThreadSafeQuestion(
	strLoadError + ".\n\n" +
	_("Do you want to rebuild the block database now?"),
	strLoadError + ".\nPlease restart with -reindex or "
	"-reindex-chainstate to recover.",
	"",
	CClientUIInterface::MSG_ERROR \|
	CClientUIInterface::BTN_ABORT);
	if (fRet) {
	fReindex = true;
	fRequestShutdown = false;
	} else {
	LogPrintf("Aborted block database rebuild. Exiting.\n");
	return false;
	}
	} else {
	return InitError(strLoadError);
	}
	}
	}

	// As LoadBlockIndex can take several minutes, it's possible the user
	// requested to kill the GUI during the last operation. If so, exit.
	// As the program has not fully started yet, Shutdown() is possibly
	// overkill.
	if (fRequestShutdown) {
	LogPrintf("Shutdown requested. Exiting.\n");
	return false;
	}
	LogPrintf(" block index %15dms\n", GetTimeMillis() - nStart);

	// Encoded addresses using cashaddr instead of base58
	// Activates by default on Jan, 14
	config.SetCashAddrEncoding(
	gArgs.GetBoolArg("-usecashaddr", GetAdjustedTime() > 1515900000));

	// Step 8: load wallet
	if (!g_wallet_init_interface->Open(chainparams)) {
	return false;
	}

	// Step 9: data directory maintenance

	// if pruning, unset the service bit and perform the initial blockstore
	// prune after any wallet rescanning has taken place.
	if (fPruneMode) {
	LogPrintf("Unsetting NODE_NETWORK on prune mode\n");
	nLocalServices = ServiceFlags(nLocalServices & ~NODE_NETWORK);
	if (!fReindex) {
	uiInterface.InitMessage(_("Pruning blockstore..."));
	PruneAndFlush();
	}
	}

	// Step 10: import blocks
	if (!CheckDiskSpace()) {
	return false;
	}

	// Either install a handler to notify us when genesis activates, or set
	// fHaveGenesis directly.
	// No locking, as this happens before any background thread is started.
	if (chainActive.Tip() == nullptr) {
	uiInterface.NotifyBlockTip.connect(BlockNotifyGenesisWait);
	} else {
	fHaveGenesis = true;
	}

	if (gArgs.IsArgSet("-blocknotify")) {
	uiInterface.NotifyBlockTip.connect(BlockNotifyCallback);
	}

	std::vector<fs::path> vImportFiles;
	for (const std::string &strFile : gArgs.GetArgs("-loadblock")) {
	vImportFiles.push_back(strFile);
	}

	threadGroup.create_thread(
	boost::bind(&ThreadImport, std::ref(config), vImportFiles));

	// Wait for genesis block to be processed
	{
	WAIT_LOCK(cs_GenesisWait, lock);
	// We previously could hang here if StartShutdown() is called prior to
	// ThreadImport getting started, so instead we just wait on a timer to
	// check ShutdownRequested() regularly.
	while (!fHaveGenesis && !ShutdownRequested()) {
	condvar_GenesisWait.wait_for(lock, std::chrono::milliseconds(500));
	}
	uiInterface.NotifyBlockTip.disconnect(BlockNotifyGenesisWait);
	}

	// Step 11: start node

	int chain_active_height;

	//// debug print
	{
	LOCK(cs_main);
	LogPrintf("mapBlockIndex.size() = %u\n", mapBlockIndex.size());
	chain_active_height = chainActive.Height();
	}
	LogPrintf("nBestHeight = %d\n", chain_active_height);

	if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-listenonion", DEFAULT_LISTEN_ONION)) {
	StartTorControl();
	}

	Discover();

	// Map ports with UPnP
	if (gArgs.GetBoolArg("-upnp", DEFAULT_UPNP)) {
	StartMapPort();
	}

	CConnman::Options connOptions;
	connOptions.nLocalServices = nLocalServices;
	connOptions.nMaxConnections = nMaxConnections;
	connOptions.nMaxOutbound =
	std::min(MAX_OUTBOUND_CONNECTIONS, connOptions.nMaxConnections);
	connOptions.nMaxAddnode = MAX_ADDNODE_CONNECTIONS;
	connOptions.nMaxFeeler = 1;
	connOptions.nBestHeight = chain_active_height;
	connOptions.uiInterface = &uiInterface;
	connOptions.m_msgproc = peerLogic.get();
	connOptions.nSendBufferMaxSize =
	1000 * gArgs.GetArg("-maxsendbuffer", DEFAULT_MAXSENDBUFFER);
	connOptions.nReceiveFloodSize =
	1000 * gArgs.GetArg("-maxreceivebuffer", DEFAULT_MAXRECEIVEBUFFER);
	connOptions.m_added_nodes = gArgs.GetArgs("-addnode");

	connOptions.nMaxOutboundTimeframe = nMaxOutboundTimeframe;
	connOptions.nMaxOutboundLimit = nMaxOutboundLimit;

	for (const std::string &strBind : gArgs.GetArgs("-bind")) {
	CService addrBind;
	if (!Lookup(strBind.c_str(), addrBind, GetListenPort(), false)) {
	return InitError(ResolveErrMsg("bind", strBind));
	}
	connOptions.vBinds.push_back(addrBind);
	}

	for (const std::string &strBind : gArgs.GetArgs("-whitebind")) {
	CService addrBind;
	if (!Lookup(strBind.c_str(), addrBind, 0, false)) {
	return InitError(ResolveErrMsg("whitebind", strBind));
	}
	if (addrBind.GetPort() == 0) {
	return InitError(strprintf(
	_("Need to specify a port with -whitebind: '%s'"), strBind));
	}
	connOptions.vWhiteBinds.push_back(addrBind);
	}

	for (const auto &net : gArgs.GetArgs("-whitelist")) {
	CSubNet subnet;
	LookupSubNet(net.c_str(), subnet);
	if (!subnet.IsValid()) {
	return InitError(strprintf(
	_("Invalid netmask specified in -whitelist: '%s'"), net));
	}
	connOptions.vWhitelistedRange.push_back(subnet);
	}

	connOptions.vSeedNodes = gArgs.GetArgs("-seednode");

	// Initiate outbound connections unless connect=0
	connOptions.m_use_addrman_outgoing = !gArgs.IsArgSet("-connect");
	if (!connOptions.m_use_addrman_outgoing) {
	const auto connect = gArgs.GetArgs("-connect");
	if (connect.size() != 1 \|\| connect[0] != "0") {
	connOptions.m_specified_outgoing = connect;
	}
	}
	if (!connman.Start(scheduler, connOptions)) {
	return false;
	}

	// Step 12: finished

	SetRPCWarmupFinished();
	uiInterface.InitMessage(_("Done loading"));

	g_wallet_init_interface->Start(scheduler);

	return !fRequestShutdown;
	}

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