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	// Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Satoshi Nakamoto
	// Copyright (c) 2009-2014 The Bitcoin developers
	// Distributed under the MIT/X11 software license, see the accompanying
	// file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.

	#include "miner.h"

	#include "core.h"
	#include "hash.h"
	#include "main.h"
	#include "net.h"
	#include "pow.h"
	#include "util.h"
	#include "utilmoneystr.h"
	#ifdef ENABLE_WALLET
	#include "wallet.h"
	#endif

	#include <boost/thread.hpp>

	using namespace std;

	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
	//
	// BitcoinMiner
	//

	//
	// Unconfirmed transactions in the memory pool often depend on other
	// transactions in the memory pool. When we select transactions from the
	// pool, we select by highest priority or fee rate, so we might consider
	// transactions that depend on transactions that aren't yet in the block.
	// The COrphan class keeps track of these 'temporary orphans' while
	// CreateBlock is figuring out which transactions to include.
	//
	class COrphan
	{
	public:
	const CTransaction* ptx;
	set<uint256> setDependsOn;
	CFeeRate feeRate;
	double dPriority;

	COrphan(const CTransaction* ptxIn) : ptx(ptxIn), feeRate(0), dPriority(0)
	{
	}
	};

	uint64_t nLastBlockTx = 0;
	uint64_t nLastBlockSize = 0;

	// We want to sort transactions by priority and fee rate, so:
	typedef boost::tuple<double, CFeeRate, const CTransaction*> TxPriority;
	class TxPriorityCompare
	{
	bool byFee;

	public:
	TxPriorityCompare(bool _byFee) : byFee(_byFee) { }

	bool operator()(const TxPriority& a, const TxPriority& b)
	{
	if (byFee)
	{
	if (a.get<1>() == b.get<1>())
	return a.get<0>() < b.get<0>();
	return a.get<1>() < b.get<1>();
	}
	else
	{
	if (a.get<0>() == b.get<0>())
	return a.get<1>() < b.get<1>();
	return a.get<0>() < b.get<0>();
	}
	}
	};

	CBlockTemplate* CreateNewBlock(const CScript& scriptPubKeyIn)
	{
	// Create new block
	auto_ptr<CBlockTemplate> pblocktemplate(new CBlockTemplate());
	if(!pblocktemplate.get())
	return NULL;
	CBlock *pblock = &pblocktemplate->block; // pointer for convenience

	// Create coinbase tx
	CMutableTransaction txNew;
	txNew.vin.resize(1);
	txNew.vin[0].prevout.SetNull();
	txNew.vout.resize(1);
	txNew.vout[0].scriptPubKey = scriptPubKeyIn;

	// Add dummy coinbase tx as first transaction
	pblock->vtx.push_back(CTransaction());
	pblocktemplate->vTxFees.push_back(-1); // updated at end
	pblocktemplate->vTxSigOps.push_back(-1); // updated at end

	// Largest block you're willing to create:
	unsigned int nBlockMaxSize = GetArg("-blockmaxsize", DEFAULT_BLOCK_MAX_SIZE);
	// Limit to betweeen 1K and MAX_BLOCK_SIZE-1K for sanity:
	nBlockMaxSize = std::max((unsigned int)1000, std::min((unsigned int)(MAX_BLOCK_SIZE-1000), nBlockMaxSize));

	// How much of the block should be dedicated to high-priority transactions,
	// included regardless of the fees they pay
	unsigned int nBlockPrioritySize = GetArg("-blockprioritysize", DEFAULT_BLOCK_PRIORITY_SIZE);
	nBlockPrioritySize = std::min(nBlockMaxSize, nBlockPrioritySize);

	// Minimum block size you want to create; block will be filled with free transactions
	// until there are no more or the block reaches this size:
	unsigned int nBlockMinSize = GetArg("-blockminsize", DEFAULT_BLOCK_MIN_SIZE);
	nBlockMinSize = std::min(nBlockMaxSize, nBlockMinSize);

	// Collect memory pool transactions into the block
	int64_t nFees = 0;

	{
	LOCK2(cs_main, mempool.cs);
	CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = chainActive.Tip();
	CCoinsViewCache view(*pcoinsTip, true);

	// Priority order to process transactions
	list<COrphan> vOrphan; // list memory doesn't move
	map<uint256, vector<COrphan*> > mapDependers;
	bool fPrintPriority = GetBoolArg("-printpriority", false);

	// This vector will be sorted into a priority queue:
	vector<TxPriority> vecPriority;
	vecPriority.reserve(mempool.mapTx.size());
	for (map<uint256, CTxMemPoolEntry>::iterator mi = mempool.mapTx.begin();
	mi != mempool.mapTx.end(); ++mi)
	{
	const CTransaction& tx = mi->second.GetTx();
	if (tx.IsCoinBase() \|\| !IsFinalTx(tx, pindexPrev->nHeight + 1))
	continue;

	COrphan* porphan = NULL;
	double dPriority = 0;
	int64_t nTotalIn = 0;
	bool fMissingInputs = false;
	BOOST_FOREACH(const CTxIn& txin, tx.vin)
	{
	// Read prev transaction
	if (!view.HaveCoins(txin.prevout.hash))
	{
	// This should never happen; all transactions in the memory
	// pool should connect to either transactions in the chain
	// or other transactions in the memory pool.
	if (!mempool.mapTx.count(txin.prevout.hash))
	{
	LogPrintf("ERROR: mempool transaction missing input\n");
	if (fDebug) assert("mempool transaction missing input" == 0);
	fMissingInputs = true;
	if (porphan)
	vOrphan.pop_back();
	break;
	}

	// Has to wait for dependencies
	if (!porphan)
	{
	// Use list for automatic deletion
	vOrphan.push_back(COrphan(&tx));
	porphan = &vOrphan.back();
	}
	mapDependers[txin.prevout.hash].push_back(porphan);
	porphan->setDependsOn.insert(txin.prevout.hash);
	nTotalIn += mempool.mapTx[txin.prevout.hash].GetTx().vout[txin.prevout.n].nValue;
	continue;
	}
	const CCoins &coins = view.GetCoins(txin.prevout.hash);

	int64_t nValueIn = coins.vout[txin.prevout.n].nValue;
	nTotalIn += nValueIn;

	int nConf = pindexPrev->nHeight - coins.nHeight + 1;

	dPriority += (double)nValueIn * nConf;
	}
	if (fMissingInputs) continue;

	// Priority is sum(valuein * age) / modified_txsize
	unsigned int nTxSize = ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
	dPriority = tx.ComputePriority(dPriority, nTxSize);

	uint256 hash = tx.GetHash();
	mempool.ApplyDeltas(hash, dPriority, nTotalIn);

	CFeeRate feeRate(nTotalIn-tx.GetValueOut(), nTxSize);

	if (porphan)
	{
	porphan->dPriority = dPriority;
	porphan->feeRate = feeRate;
	}
	else
	vecPriority.push_back(TxPriority(dPriority, feeRate, &mi->second.GetTx()));
	}

	// Collect transactions into block
	uint64_t nBlockSize = 1000;
	uint64_t nBlockTx = 0;
	int nBlockSigOps = 100;
	bool fSortedByFee = (nBlockPrioritySize <= 0);

	TxPriorityCompare comparer(fSortedByFee);
	std::make_heap(vecPriority.begin(), vecPriority.end(), comparer);

	while (!vecPriority.empty())
	{
	// Take highest priority transaction off the priority queue:
	double dPriority = vecPriority.front().get<0>();
	CFeeRate feeRate = vecPriority.front().get<1>();
	const CTransaction& tx = *(vecPriority.front().get<2>());

	std::pop_heap(vecPriority.begin(), vecPriority.end(), comparer);
	vecPriority.pop_back();

	// Size limits
	unsigned int nTxSize = ::GetSerializeSize(tx, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
	if (nBlockSize + nTxSize >= nBlockMaxSize)
	continue;

	// Legacy limits on sigOps:
	unsigned int nTxSigOps = GetLegacySigOpCount(tx);
	if (nBlockSigOps + nTxSigOps >= MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
	continue;

	// Skip free transactions if we're past the minimum block size:
	const uint256& hash = tx.GetHash();
	double dPriorityDelta = 0;
	int64_t nFeeDelta = 0;
	mempool.ApplyDeltas(hash, dPriorityDelta, nFeeDelta);
	if (fSortedByFee && (dPriorityDelta <= 0) && (nFeeDelta <= 0) && (feeRate < ::minRelayTxFee) && (nBlockSize + nTxSize >= nBlockMinSize))
	continue;

	// Prioritise by fee once past the priority size or we run out of high-priority
	// transactions:
	if (!fSortedByFee &&
	((nBlockSize + nTxSize >= nBlockPrioritySize) \|\| !AllowFree(dPriority)))
	{
	fSortedByFee = true;
	comparer = TxPriorityCompare(fSortedByFee);
	std::make_heap(vecPriority.begin(), vecPriority.end(), comparer);
	}

	if (!view.HaveInputs(tx))
	continue;

	int64_t nTxFees = view.GetValueIn(tx)-tx.GetValueOut();

	nTxSigOps += GetP2SHSigOpCount(tx, view);
	if (nBlockSigOps + nTxSigOps >= MAX_BLOCK_SIGOPS)
	continue;

	// Note that flags: we don't want to set mempool/IsStandard()
	// policy here, but we still have to ensure that the block we
	// create only contains transactions that are valid in new blocks.
	CValidationState state;
	if (!CheckInputs(tx, state, view, true, MANDATORY_SCRIPT_VERIFY_FLAGS))
	continue;

	CTxUndo txundo;
	UpdateCoins(tx, state, view, txundo, pindexPrev->nHeight+1);

	// Added
	pblock->vtx.push_back(tx);
	pblocktemplate->vTxFees.push_back(nTxFees);
	pblocktemplate->vTxSigOps.push_back(nTxSigOps);
	nBlockSize += nTxSize;
	++nBlockTx;
	nBlockSigOps += nTxSigOps;
	nFees += nTxFees;

	if (fPrintPriority)
	{
	LogPrintf("priority %.1f fee %s txid %s\n",
	dPriority, feeRate.ToString(), tx.GetHash().ToString());
	}

	// Add transactions that depend on this one to the priority queue
	if (mapDependers.count(hash))
	{
	BOOST_FOREACH(COrphan* porphan, mapDependers[hash])
	{
	if (!porphan->setDependsOn.empty())
	{
	porphan->setDependsOn.erase(hash);
	if (porphan->setDependsOn.empty())
	{
	vecPriority.push_back(TxPriority(porphan->dPriority, porphan->feeRate, porphan->ptx));
	std::push_heap(vecPriority.begin(), vecPriority.end(), comparer);
	}
	}
	}
	}
	}

	nLastBlockTx = nBlockTx;
	nLastBlockSize = nBlockSize;
	LogPrintf("CreateNewBlock(): total size %u\n", nBlockSize);

	// Compute final coinbase transaction.
	txNew.vout[0].nValue = GetBlockValue(pindexPrev->nHeight+1, nFees);
	txNew.vin[0].scriptSig = CScript() << OP_0 << OP_0;
	pblock->vtx[0] = txNew;
	pblocktemplate->vTxFees[0] = -nFees;

	// Fill in header
	pblock->hashPrevBlock = pindexPrev->GetBlockHash();
	UpdateTime(pblock, pindexPrev);
	pblock->nBits = GetNextWorkRequired(pindexPrev, pblock);
	pblock->nNonce = 0;
	pblocktemplate->vTxSigOps[0] = GetLegacySigOpCount(pblock->vtx[0]);

	CBlockIndex indexDummy(*pblock);
	indexDummy.pprev = pindexPrev;
	indexDummy.nHeight = pindexPrev->nHeight + 1;
	CCoinsViewCache viewNew(*pcoinsTip, true);
	CValidationState state;
	if (!ConnectBlock(*pblock, state, &indexDummy, viewNew, true))
	throw std::runtime_error("CreateNewBlock() : ConnectBlock failed");
	}

	return pblocktemplate.release();
	}

	void IncrementExtraNonce(CBlock* pblock, CBlockIndex* pindexPrev, unsigned int& nExtraNonce)
	{
	// Update nExtraNonce
	static uint256 hashPrevBlock;
	if (hashPrevBlock != pblock->hashPrevBlock)
	{
	nExtraNonce = 0;
	hashPrevBlock = pblock->hashPrevBlock;
	}
	++nExtraNonce;
	unsigned int nHeight = pindexPrev->nHeight+1; // Height first in coinbase required for block.version=2
	CMutableTransaction txCoinbase(pblock->vtx[0]);
	txCoinbase.vin[0].scriptSig = (CScript() << nHeight << CScriptNum(nExtraNonce)) + COINBASE_FLAGS;
	assert(txCoinbase.vin[0].scriptSig.size() <= 100);

	pblock->vtx[0] = txCoinbase;
	pblock->hashMerkleRoot = pblock->BuildMerkleTree();
	}

	#ifdef ENABLE_WALLET
	//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
	//
	// Internal miner
	//
	double dHashesPerSec = 0.0;
	int64_t nHPSTimerStart = 0;

	//
	// ScanHash scans nonces looking for a hash with at least some zero bits.
	// The nonce is usually preserved between calls, but periodically or if the
	// nonce is 0xffff0000 or above, the block is rebuilt and nNonce starts over at
	// zero.
	//
	bool static ScanHash(const CBlockHeader pblock, uint32_t& nNonce, uint256 phash)
	{
	// Write the first 76 bytes of the block header to a double-SHA256 state.
	CHash256 hasher;
	CDataStream ss(SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION);
	ss << *pblock;
	assert(ss.size() == 80);
	hasher.Write((unsigned char*)&ss[0], 76);

	while (true) {
	nNonce++;

	// Write the last 4 bytes of the block header (the nonce) to a copy of
	// the double-SHA256 state, and compute the result.
	CHash256(hasher).Write((unsigned char)&nNonce, 4).Finalize((unsigned char)phash);

	// Return the nonce if the hash has at least some zero bits,
	// caller will check if it has enough to reach the target
	if (((uint16_t*)phash)[15] == 0)
	return true;

	// If nothing found after trying for a while, return -1
	if ((nNonce & 0xffff) == 0)
	return false;
	if ((nNonce & 0xfff) == 0)
	boost::this_thread::interruption_point();
	}
	}

	CBlockTemplate* CreateNewBlockWithKey(CReserveKey& reservekey)
	{
	CPubKey pubkey;
	if (!reservekey.GetReservedKey(pubkey))
	return NULL;

	CScript scriptPubKey = CScript() << pubkey << OP_CHECKSIG;
	return CreateNewBlock(scriptPubKey);
	}

	bool ProcessBlockFound(CBlock* pblock, CWallet& wallet, CReserveKey& reservekey)
	{
	LogPrintf("%s\n", pblock->ToString());
	LogPrintf("generated %s\n", FormatMoney(pblock->vtx[0].vout[0].nValue));

	// Found a solution
	{
	LOCK(cs_main);
	if (pblock->hashPrevBlock != chainActive.Tip()->GetBlockHash())
	return error("BitcoinMiner : generated block is stale");
	}

	// Remove key from key pool
	reservekey.KeepKey();

	// Track how many getdata requests this block gets
	{
	LOCK(wallet.cs_wallet);
	wallet.mapRequestCount[pblock->GetHash()] = 0;
	}

	// Process this block the same as if we had received it from another node
	CValidationState state;
	if (!ProcessBlock(state, NULL, pblock))
	return error("BitcoinMiner : ProcessBlock, block not accepted");

	return true;
	}

	void static BitcoinMiner(CWallet *pwallet)
	{
	LogPrintf("BitcoinMiner started\n");
	SetThreadPriority(THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST);
	RenameThread("bitcoin-miner");

	// Each thread has its own key and counter
	CReserveKey reservekey(pwallet);
	unsigned int nExtraNonce = 0;

	try {
	while (true) {
	if (Params().MiningRequiresPeers()) {
	// Busy-wait for the network to come online so we don't waste time mining
	// on an obsolete chain. In regtest mode we expect to fly solo.
	while (vNodes.empty())
	MilliSleep(1000);
	}

	//
	// Create new block
	//
	unsigned int nTransactionsUpdatedLast = mempool.GetTransactionsUpdated();
	CBlockIndex* pindexPrev = chainActive.Tip();

	auto_ptr<CBlockTemplate> pblocktemplate(CreateNewBlockWithKey(reservekey));
	if (!pblocktemplate.get())
	{
	LogPrintf("Error in BitcoinMiner: Keypool ran out, please call keypoolrefill before restarting the mining thread\n");
	return;
	}
	CBlock *pblock = &pblocktemplate->block;
	IncrementExtraNonce(pblock, pindexPrev, nExtraNonce);

	LogPrintf("Running BitcoinMiner with %u transactions in block (%u bytes)\n", pblock->vtx.size(),
	::GetSerializeSize(*pblock, SER_NETWORK, PROTOCOL_VERSION));

	//
	// Search
	//
	int64_t nStart = GetTime();
	uint256 hashTarget = uint256().SetCompact(pblock->nBits);
	uint256 hash;
	uint32_t nNonce = 0;
	uint32_t nOldNonce = 0;
	while (true) {
	bool fFound = ScanHash(pblock, nNonce, &hash);
	uint32_t nHashesDone = nNonce - nOldNonce;
	nOldNonce = nNonce;

	// Check if something found
	if (fFound)
	{
	if (hash <= hashTarget)
	{
	// Found a solution
	pblock->nNonce = nNonce;
	assert(hash == pblock->GetHash());

	SetThreadPriority(THREAD_PRIORITY_NORMAL);
	LogPrintf("BitcoinMiner:\n");
	LogPrintf("proof-of-work found \n hash: %s \ntarget: %s\n", hash.GetHex(), hashTarget.GetHex());
	ProcessBlockFound(pblock, *pwallet, reservekey);
	SetThreadPriority(THREAD_PRIORITY_LOWEST);

	// In regression test mode, stop mining after a block is found.
	if (Params().MineBlocksOnDemand())
	throw boost::thread_interrupted();

	break;
	}
	}

	// Meter hashes/sec
	static int64_t nHashCounter;
	if (nHPSTimerStart == 0)
	{
	nHPSTimerStart = GetTimeMillis();
	nHashCounter = 0;
	}
	else
	nHashCounter += nHashesDone;
	if (GetTimeMillis() - nHPSTimerStart > 4000)
	{
	static CCriticalSection cs;
	{
	LOCK(cs);
	if (GetTimeMillis() - nHPSTimerStart > 4000)
	{
	dHashesPerSec = 1000.0 * nHashCounter / (GetTimeMillis() - nHPSTimerStart);
	nHPSTimerStart = GetTimeMillis();
	nHashCounter = 0;
	static int64_t nLogTime;
	if (GetTime() - nLogTime > 30 * 60)
	{
	nLogTime = GetTime();
	LogPrintf("hashmeter %6.0f khash/s\n", dHashesPerSec/1000.0);
	}
	}
	}
	}

	// Check for stop or if block needs to be rebuilt
	boost::this_thread::interruption_point();
	// Regtest mode doesn't require peers
	if (vNodes.empty() && Params().MiningRequiresPeers())
	break;
	if (nNonce >= 0xffff0000)
	break;
	if (mempool.GetTransactionsUpdated() != nTransactionsUpdatedLast && GetTime() - nStart > 60)
	break;
	if (pindexPrev != chainActive.Tip())
	break;

	// Update nTime every few seconds
	UpdateTime(pblock, pindexPrev);
	if (Params().AllowMinDifficultyBlocks())
	{
	// Changing pblock->nTime can change work required on testnet:
	hashTarget.SetCompact(pblock->nBits);
	}
	}
	}
	}
	catch (boost::thread_interrupted)
	{
	LogPrintf("BitcoinMiner terminated\n");
	throw;
	}
	}

	void GenerateBitcoins(bool fGenerate, CWallet* pwallet, int nThreads)
	{
	static boost::thread_group* minerThreads = NULL;

	if (nThreads < 0) {
	// In regtest threads defaults to 1
	if (Params().DefaultMinerThreads())
	nThreads = Params().DefaultMinerThreads();
	else
	nThreads = boost::thread::hardware_concurrency();
	}

	if (minerThreads != NULL)
	{
	minerThreads->interrupt_all();
	delete minerThreads;
	minerThreads = NULL;
	}

	if (nThreads == 0 \|\| !fGenerate)
	return;

	minerThreads = new boost::thread_group();
	for (int i = 0; i < nThreads; i++)
	minerThreads->create_thread(boost::bind(&BitcoinMiner, pwallet));
	}

	#endif // ENABLE_WALLET

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