Add indexing ADDR cache by local socket addr

Summary:
This is a backport of core#19697 [2/4]
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/19697/commits/81b00f87800f40cb14f2131ff27668bd2bb9e551

Depends on D10290

Test Plan: ninja all check-all

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, Fabien

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, Fabien

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D10291