test: add functional test for -maxtipage parameter

Summary:
This PR adds a missing test for the -maxtipage parameter which controls what is the allowed maximum tip age for leaving IBD.

This is a backport of core#24154 and a partial backport of core#26477
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/26477/commits/e4be0e9b0661a8af49c4e6d5472804913f04b8fc

The commit from core#26477 should allow catching of the introduced regression when backporting core#25704

Test Plan:

cmake .. -GNinja
ninja check-functional

Check that the new test is detected by the test runner and completes successfully.

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, Fabien

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, Fabien

Subscribers: Fabien, bytesofman

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D15688