Cache responses to addr requests

Summary:
Prevents a spy from scraping victim's AddrMan by
reconnecting and re-requesting addrs.
This is a backport of core#18991 [3/5]
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/18991/commits/acd6135b43941fa51d52f5fcdb2ce944280ad01e

Depends on D10054

Test Plan: ninja all check-all

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, majcosta

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, majcosta

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D10055