[Chronik] Update Cargo.lock dependencies to latest version

Summary:
Also update fastrand to 2.0, which now requires mutable access.

This seems to fix some linker issues with cxxbridge, which makes sense given we update it from version 1.0.73 to 1.0.106.

Test Plan: ninja check-crates && ninja check-functional

Reviewers: Fabien, #bitcoin_abc

Reviewed By: Fabien, #bitcoin_abc

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D14399