[net processing] Move block inventory data to Peer
Summary:
Partial backport of core#19829:
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/19829/commits/53b7ac1b7d3394aeaad1e4a6e3b323d17cdf5994
Ref T1696.
Depends on D10867.
Test Plan:
ninja all check-all
Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, PiRK
Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, PiRK
Maniphest Tasks: T1696
Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D10868