logging: Replace uses of LogPrintfCategory

Summary:
Replace LogPrintfCategory with alternative unconditional log statements.

Remove LogPrintfCategory (would be done after core#30790 if not for missing benchmark backports, we can do it immediately)

This concludes backport of core#28318
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/28318/commits/e60fc7d5d34f23cccbff6e4f5f3d716fa8dad50c

Depends on D18275

Test Plan: ninja all check-all

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, Fabien

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, Fabien

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D18276