Fix handling of invalid headers

Summary:
We only disconnect outbound peers (excluding HB compact block peers and manual
connections) when receiving a CACHED_INVALID header.

This is a partial backport of Core PR15141 : https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/15141/commits/6b34bc6b6f54f85537494cbea3846d5d195a06d9

Test Plan:

ninja all check-all

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, jasonbcox

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, jasonbcox

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D6727