Add test-before-evict discipline to addrman

Summary:
Changes addrman to use the test-before-evict discipline in which an
address is to be evicted from the tried table is first tested and if
it is still online it is not evicted.

Adds tests to provide test coverage for this change.

This change was suggested as Countermeasure 3 in
Eclipse Attacks on Bitcoin’s Peer-to-Peer Network, Ethan Heilman,
Alison Kendler, Aviv Zohar, Sharon Goldberg. ePrint Archive Report
2015/263. March 2015.

This is a backport of Core PR9037

Depends on D1861

Test Plan:

make check

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, jasonbcox

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, jasonbcox

Subscribers: jasonbcox, teamcity

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D1862