[net processing] Move MaybePunishPeerForTx to PeerManager

Summary:
Partial backport (7/9) of core PR19791:
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/19791/commits/3115e00f75b41d9765dcbb376e367b25f61a1d58

Test Plan:

ninja all check-all

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, PiRK

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, PiRK

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D9047