Replace MakeSpan helper with Span deduction guide

Summary:
C++17 supports user-defined deduction guides, allowing class constructors to be invoked without specifying class template arguments. Instead, the code can contain rules to infer the template arguments from the constructor argument types.

This alleviates the need for the MakeSpan helper. Convert the existing MakeSpan rules into deduction rules for Span itself, and replace all invocations of MakeSpan with just Span ones.

This is a partial backport of core#23413
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/23413/commits/568dd2f83900a11a4dbba1250722791a135bf0a9

Test Plan: ninja all check-all

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, Fabien

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, Fabien

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D14768