build: remove ENABLE_GLICB_COMPAT from builds

Summary:
The minimum supported glibc version is now 2.31 and the compat checks were dealing with symbols added in 2.28 and 2.29.

This concludes backport of core#22405, core#22930 and core#25233

Test Plan: guix builds

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, Fabien

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, Fabien

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D17735