refactor: Replace RecursiveMutex with Mutex in timedata.cpp

Summary:

Only GetTimeOffset() and AddTimeData() functions lock this mutex. They do not call itself recursively, and do not call each other either directly or indirectly. Therefore, the g_timeoffset_mutex could be a non-recursive mutex.

This is a backport of core#19189

Test Plan:

CC=clang CXX=clang++ cmake .. -DENABLE_SANITIZERS=thread -GNinja
ninja all check check-functional

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, majcosta

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, majcosta

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D9310