tests: Add fuzzing harness for Golomb-Rice coding (GolombRiceEncode/GolombRiceDecode)

Summary: Backport of core PR18190.

Test Plan:

ninja bitcoin-fuzzers
./src/test/fuzz/golomb_rice <path_to_corpus>

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, majcosta

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, majcosta

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D9005