[cmake] Check for the presence of various headers in cmake

Summary: AS per title. Various pieces of code optionaly use features provided by these headers.

Test Plan:
Build using cmake on linux and cross compile on win32.
Check that the configuration file reflect the presence of the headers.

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, jasonbcox

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, jasonbcox

Subscribers: teamcity

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D1913