build: set OSX_MIN_VERSION to 10.15
This is required to use std::filesystem on macOS as support for it only
landed in the libc++ dylib shipped with 10.15.See also: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/xcode-release-notes/xcode-11-release-notes
Clang now supports the C++17 <filesystem> library for iOS 13, macOS 10.15, watchOS 6, and tvOS 13.
Bump libtapi 1100.0.11, Clang 10.0.1, native cctools 973.0.1, ld64 609
LLVM 8 has inherent nondeterminism in the compiler, fixed in LLVM 9+.
build: Xcode 12.1, macOS SDK 10.15.6
build: no longer patch threading out of ld64
Changes introduced in ld64-450.3 have likely removed the need for us to patch out pthreads. See: https://opensource.apple.com/source/ld64/ld64-450.3/src/ld/InputFiles.cpp.auto.html.
build: use -stdlib++-isystem with Clang 10
This is a backport of core#22993 and core#19817
Depends on D13802