depends: Add file-based logging for individual packages

Summary:
This is a backport of core#19952
Depends on D15423

Test Plan:
guix build, gitian builds

make -C depends HOST=x86_64-linux LOG=1
find ./depends/built/x86_64-linux -name '*.log' | sort

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, Fabien

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, Fabien

Subscribers: Fabien

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D15424