refactor: Move ChainstateManager options into m_options struct

Summary:
Move ChainstateManager options into m_options struct to simplify class
initialization, organize class members, and to name external option variables
differently than internal state variables.

This is a backport of core#25905

Test Plan: ninja all check-all

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, bytesofman

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, bytesofman

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D15673