test: add basic tests for ChainstateManager
Summary:
Partial backport (4/5) of core PR17737:
https://github.com/bitcoin/bitcoin/pull/17737/commits/2b081c4568e8019886fdb0f2a57babc73d7487f7
Depends on D8539.
Test Plan:
ninja check
Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, deadalnix
Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, deadalnix
Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D8540