propagate negative thread safety annotations for avalanche code

Summary:
These annotations are all required for enabling negative lock assertions (D14894)

Depends on D14891

Test Plan:
After D14894:

cmake .. -GNinja -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang++
ninja all check-all`

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, Fabien

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, Fabien

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D14892