Drop CADDR_TIME_VERSION checks now that MIN_PEER_PROTO_VERSION is greater

Summary:

After the version handshake, the version must be >=
MIN_PEER_PROTO_VERSION, since we immediately disconnect any peer that
advertises a lower version than that in its version message

Backport of core PR14033.

Test Plan:

ninja all check-all

Reviewers: #bitcoin_abc, deadalnix

Reviewed By: #bitcoin_abc, deadalnix

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D8514