[backport#16363] test: Add test for BIP30 duplicate tx

Summary:
This adds a test for BIP30 to check that duplicate txs can exist in the blockchain given the first one was completely spent when the second one is added.

Note that some lines modified in the Core PR were moved and deleted on our side (D5060, D6101)

This concludes backport of Core PR16363
Commit: fa8489a15511f61a372473927e73c34692bbec23
Depends on D7901

Test Plan: ninja && ./test/functional/test_runner.py feature_block

Reviewers: O1 Bitcoin ABC, #bitcoin_abc, deadalnix

Reviewed By: O1 Bitcoin ABC, #bitcoin_abc, deadalnix

Subscribers: deadalnix

Differential Revision: https://reviews.bitcoinabc.org/D7902